Head Motion Analysis Paper

Introduction

Urologists are on the leading edge of laparoscopic surgery. It is now considered standard of care to perform in many operations. There are many benefits of laparoscopic surgery for a patient such as less blood loss, less pain, shorter time to oral intake and shorter hospitalization compared with open surgery.1 However laparoscopic surgery is a kind of vigilant work. There is more stressful than open surgery. Laparoscopic technique requires greater concentration and places greater mental stress on surgeons than open surgery.2 The surgeon must stay focus in a long period of time. Surgical error can lead to iatrogenic injury. Surgical skill assessment in laparoscopic surgery has a role to reduce surgical error.
Over the past several decades, cognitive researchers have grappled with how to characterize medical expertise. Several important characteristics have been identified: experts appear to be more focused in attention, have a more elaborate visual representation of the task being performed, and are generally engaged in far more deliberate practice of the task than novice.3 However, most of this research has targeted characteristics of expertise rather than metrics

This device has accelerometers in 3 axes (x, y, and z), permitting assessment of the quality of head movements made by a surgeon while performing a task. We used tasks from the basic laparoscopic urologic surgery (BLUS) curriculum of the American Urological Association. There are no similar reports in the literature or previous experience with the use of this type of equipment to determine laparoscopic skills. In this study, we study the objective metric in laparoscopic skill assessment and potentially used for ergonomic assessment by head movement of surgeon during perform laparoscopic