Power Distance is defined as the extent to which the less powerful members in society expect and accept that power is distributed unequally (Steers, et al., 2013).
Singapore attaches great importance to hierarchical relationships. In the company, employee is given the respect to their boss or any other higher management. People seldom open challenge or violate chains of command by their supervisor or boss. Most employee believe they should arrive before and leave after the boss.
In Singapore, there are 74.3 per cent of the resident population is Chinese (Singapore Department of Statistics , 2015). The traditional values of the Chinese has significant influence of the local company. With the Chinese Confucian background, people believe the
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Singapore work culture is strict follow by the rules for every situation. In my company, there are standard procedure for each department. Every employee need to follow the rules to perform the daily work. Sometimes if there are unforeseen situation happen, people may seek approval and assistance from higher authority for settle the issue.
Singapore has low uncertainty avoidance is due to the national culture which seeks following rules for every situation. The standard procedure allow tolerance of ambiguity. Also due to the high power distance, people will follow the order and rules set by management and government.
Follow the rules does not mean cannot innovate. The creativity is still encouraged by management. However, the innovation idea must be reasonable and put up opinion through the regulation way. To get the management support is the first move for any idea development.
Individualism / Collectivism
This dimension is to demonstrate the degree of the culture emphasis on individual or group (Steers, et al.,
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(Steers, et al., 2013).
Other than western country who emphasize the truth and creative, Singapore Company is more emphasizing on virtue, hardworking and long term benefit. They always keep their options open and looking for a way which can better solve the problem. For example, company has goal to improve customer satisfaction. Instead of only concentrating on employee skill, company will also create better system as supporting. To get better long term benefit, Company will make investment on both human resource and equipment to produce something superior.
Singapore society shows the cultural qualities such as hard working, harmony relationship, systematical procedure, perseverance etc. supporting long-term investment. And now Singapore is one of the developed country in Asian.
Positive attitude and hardworking are two important indicators in evaluating employee. You need to show your value to management that you can serve the company with long term
9. How likely is the innovation simpler? 10. How likely is that the management will easily ratify to integrate innovation in organizational policies? 11.
The kids be taught to be respect and follow the seniority’s instruct since they were young, and everyone around them are all doing like this, so the high-power distance’s concept be with them the whole life. When they grow up, they follow the teacher’s and parents’ words and after they get in the society get in the work, they would follow the leader’s words. Even though there are some mistakes, like the story happened among the captain and the assistant. High-power distance come from the culture, culture influences
When employees see they are valuable to the company and they are secure it gives them confidence and in return they give their loyalty to the
Book Review #1: “Confucius lives Next Door” When T. R. Reid became chief of The Washington Post's Tokyo bureau, he and his family moved to Japan for an extended stay. Moving from the wide-open spaces of Coloroda to the noise, rush and crush of Tokyo. As Reid and his family were opting for total immersion in Japanese culture, they decided to live in a Tokyo neighborhood and send their children to public schools within Toyko. The book “Confucius Lives Next Door” is T.R Reid's account of their experience as an American family living in a country with the population of roughly 28,000,000 people. The book is also an analysis of East Asia's postwar economic miracle and what Reid sees as it’s even more important "social miracle," the creation of ordered, civil societies marked by "the safest streets, the strongest families, and the best schools in the world," where lost wallets are returned to their owners with cash intact, baggage can be left unattended in the busiest train station, and no one locks their cars or bicycles.
Highly qualified employees + + + + Sustainable competitive
Over the years, mass communication has been defined in several ways. While some view it as a process, others perceive it as a skill. But apart from these two classifications, I particularly view mass communication as a tool since it is an essential device that can be used in one’s everyday life. It is an instrument all humans can make use of in delivering their intended messages to their family, friends and even to strangers. Charles Berger and Richard Calabrese suggested the same perception as they proposed their theory called the Uncertainty Reduction Theory.
Chinese tradition is opposed to individual glorification and considers anyone who desires personal enhancement as a threat to collectivism (Pye, 1982). Chinese are more group-oriented, they value respect and friendship. China is more Egalitarian, meaning that they share power and share authority and spread the authority out evenly. They do not expect all power as some cultures do. Next is Performance orientation, which means when the community encourages and rewards good things done and completed.
Cultures with high power distance accept an unequal distribution of power and the fact that “some members have greater resources and influence than others”(p.50). When James Carter speaks to his boss, it seems that they are equal in power. James does not afraid to say what he thinks, and even the call the one with higher position by his name. The American always expects egalitarianism so it will be great if there ia not formalized hierarchical structure in community and social relationship. However, in China, it is different, relationships are hierarchical in terms of age, political status, wealth and so on.
The article When Does Power Disparity Help or Hurt Group Performance?, published in 2015 by the Journal of Applied Psychology, discusses how power disparities and social hierarchies impact a group of individuals and whether they help or hamper group performance. Furthermore, the goal of this research is to examine and dissect the relationship between the power holder and those he or she asserts his or her power over. The researchers have one main hypothesis that they intend to test throughout the article: the power holder’s competence and leadership dictate how power disparity and group performance mesh with one another. To be more specific, the more competent a power holder proves to be, the more the power disparity incentivizes groups to work effectively and efficiently.
1) What are the cultural dimensions Hofstede proposes? Please include a definition of each and how is each one rated? The Cultural dimensions Hofstede proposes are four dimensions that represent elements of common structure in the cultural systems of the countries. They are based on four very fundamental issues in human societies to which every society should find its answers.
INTRODUCTION Through the story of coming of a Japanese car making firm Assan Motors to the American town of Hadleyville, Ron Howard’s movie Gung Ho beautifully portrays how businesses are affected when people from different cultures come together to work as a team. Hunt Stevenson, played by Keaston, entices Assan Motors to Hadleyville where he is offered the position of ‘employee liaison in the joint venture. But soon, internal conflicts begin as both the Japanese and the Americans had very different styles of operation, which were mainly due to the differences in their cultural values. HOFSTEDE DIMENSIONS OF NATIONAL CULTURE
A company’s long term mission is also very important for most employees who believe that they are making a difference if they are working
To innovate successfully a company should develop and stimulate the culture of innovations. When the clear vision for changes is created it should be communicated to the employees to involve them into the change process. Most people do not like changes. But in every company there are people who can become leaders for innovations. The company management should search such people and develop the company environment to stimulate initiative and reward innovations.
Likewise, some cultures believe in collaboration of individuals in the firms while some stimulate competition between the individuals. Similarly, long term goals are desired in some cultures as compared to short term goals. In other words, cultural background results differences in managing the organizations. Miroshnik (2002) stated that behavior and thinking approaches are under the influences of culture in any society. Organization can achieve its goals if manages satisfy or confirms proper behaviour of the individuals
Organization Culture and Leadership Analysis Using Sociology Paradigm Introduction This study has described the organizational culture and leadership of my company. I analysis my company adopt the?functionalism Paradigm, which is one of the major theoretical perspectives in sociology. See below is sociological paradigm. This paradigm developed by Burrell and Morgan classifies sociological theories along the two orthogonal dimensions of regulation vs. change and subjectivity vs. objectivity (Burrell & Morgan, 1979).