Himalayan Mountain Range
The most well-known significant landform in Nepal is the Himalayan mountain range. The Himalayan mountain range has about 2400 km long and 250 to 300 km wide. The Himalayan mountain range consists of the world’s highest mountain – Mount Everest (8848m above the sea level) and all the mountains that have 7000m height above are located at here too. The Himalayan mountain range can be described as a shield that block the monsoon winds blowing from the Indian Ocean which causes the dry cold climate in Tibetan and a heavy rainfall in the area s that located to the south of the Himalayan mountain range like example Cherrapunji is named as the wettest climate in the Earth. The ability for the Himalayan mountain range to act as a topography barrier …show more content…
The presence of the igneous rocks is because of the uplifting of the magmatic rocks during the subduction of the Indian Plate beneath the Eurasian Plate. During the subduction of the Indian Plate, the crusts of the plate were melted by the high temperature underneath the Earth surface and when the melted substance is cooled and chilled, it formed a layer of intrusive igneous rocks beneath the crust such as granites. When the pressures beneath the crusts gradually increased, the pressures pushed the granites upward and contributed to the uplifting of the crusts as granites are buoyant rocks.
The Trans-Himalayan can be separated into two which is the Western Trans-Himalayan (island arc environment) and the Eastern Trans-Himalaya (Andean-type environment).
Indus-Tsangpo Suture
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In this zone, a lot of marine sediments and fossils can be found here such as the Cretaceous – age ammonite fossils from the Paleo-Tethys Ocean. Besides, Tethyan Himalaya is the widest zone in the Himalaya mountain range with the width about 100km. Within this zone, different type of rocks can be seen like the white granite (igneous rock), marble and limestone (metamorphic rock) and sedimentary rocks due to the rocks being uplifted by a thrust fault – North Himalayan Thrust. Further south from the ITSZ, the Tethys Himalaya and the Higher Himalaya is separated by a fault called the South Tibetan Detachment.
The Higher(Greater) Himalaya
This zone can be said as the backbone of the Himalayan mountains range which make up of thick metamorphic rocks about 10 to 20km thick and white granites located 3000m to 8000m above the sea water, most of the rocks are originated from the Indian Plate. Besides, the Mount Everest locates in this zone too.
The Lesser(Lower)
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