Hip Muscles
2 Hip Muscles and Movements The hip joint is a multi-axial ball-and-socket joint, and therefore, movements along perpendicular planes occur over a wide arch of motion, namely flexion and extension, adduction and abduction, medial and lateral rotation, and circumduction . Muscles surrounding the hip are divided into groups; each is mainly, but not only, responsible for a certain movement of the hip. The main hip flexor is the psoas muscle, helped by the iliacus, but also other muscles assist in hip flexion. Extension is mainly performed by the gluteus maximus. Adduction is mainly carried out by the adductor group of muscles, such as the adductor brevis, longus, and magnus. Hip abduction is mainly exerted by the gluteus medius and minimus. Medial …show more content…
This structure represents both the anterior and posterior columns of the acetabulum. The anterior column is much longer than the posterior one and extends from the anterior portion of the iliac crest superiorly all the way down to the Symphysis Pubis (SP), while the posterior column travels from the lowermost end of the ischium to meet with the posterior aspect of the anterior column just above its mid-point, almost at the level of the upper corner of the GSN, creating a 60° angle. The acetabulum is enclosed within this angle and the apex is filled with condense cortical bone forming the roof for the …show more content…
The iliac segment extends from the iliac crest superiorly to just above the acetabular margin. Its main features are the anterior pillar, ASIS and Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (AIIS), which is very close to the superior margin of the acetabulum. The acetabular segment forms the anterior articular surface of the acetabulum, part of the anterior wall of the acetabulum, and the anterior portion of the quadrilateral plate of the acetabulum. The pubic segment constitutes the anteriormost, and slimmest portion of the anterior column, and consists of the superior pubic ramus forming the roof to the obturator foramen. The iliopectineal line is a fundamental structure of the anterior column providing support to the anterio-superior aspect of the acetabulum and is the main guide for evaluating the continuity of the anterior column. Fractures of this line usually indicate fractures of the anterior column. Both columns are connected to the auricular surface of the Sacro-iliac (SI) joint by the sciatic
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