The continuing prevalence of feeding problem will not stop unless they do not take the necessary measures to resolve this problem quickly. At least 1billion people in the world are undernourished (have low food security), hungry, and living without adequate daily calories. The most people category severely affected by food crisis are those who already living in poverty. The largest number of undernourished people lives in Asia and the Pacific Islands, followed by Sub-Saharan Africa. Food security issue has many reasons such as population explosion, climate change, agriculture problems and lack of awareness of the problem.
The climatic challenge is exaxerbated by inadequate infrastructure, lack of mechanization, and constraints in access to credit, insurance, and agricultural markets (Conceicao, et al., 2011). Devereux (2009) inferred that food security crises since 2000 in Africa were caused by a ‘failure of markets to deliver access to food at affordable prices’. This is due to either chronic poverty or a sudden increase in food prices without an equal increase in people’s wealth (Conceicao et al.,
Hunger is the sensation of desiring food. Hunger refers to people suffering from food insufficiency. Hunger is a big problem but can be solved. In the South Africa, many people die every year due to hunger. The percentage of hunger in South Africa is very high, and this problem is not solved till now.
The agriculture sector in Ethiopia plays pivotal roles in economic growth, poverty alleviation, employment creation, foreign exchange earnings and food security. Despite the enormous contribution over the past years, its significance is limited because of various factors and hence it is becoming increasingly difficult to meet the food requirements of the growing population (Jon, 2007; Abera, 2011; UNDP, 2013). One of the significant contributors for its deprived performance is the low productivity of the sector in general and cereal production in particular over the past years (Alemayehu, 2009; Alemayehu et al. 2012). Such low productivity leads to increasing poverty and food insecurity of rural poor farm households in the country.
If we reduce food wastage it could help to provide food to the starving people. More than one-third of the food manufactured worldwide is discarded or spoiled. Consequences of food wastage are not only limited to the human beings but also the environment as it leads to climatic changes. In industrialized countries, a lot of waste is produced due to consumers who buy too much chuck out what they do not need. In developing countries like India, food wastage is mostly due to ineffective agriculture and lack of food storage facilities.
The reasons for this hunger in India are complex. 40% of all fruits and vegetables and 20% of food grains produced rot due to inefficient supply chains and never reach consumer markets. One factor contributing to the food insecurity is the fragmented supply chain and poor infrastructure such as warehouses and cold storage. The number of intermediaries in Indian food chain system is large adding to the inefficiency in the food marketing system.
1.1 The following report has been prepared with a view to understand the reasons behind Hunger and poverty in Africa. The main matter of concern is to develop ways to resolve hunger and poverty issues. 1.2 Sub-Saharan Africa is the area with the second largest number of starving people, where almost 233 million people are undernourished. In general, the main causes of poverty are conflict, detrimental economic systems, population growth, environmental factors such as climate change and drought. Poverty itself is a major cause of hunger in sub-Saharan Africa.
Many people including the father of Tanzania “Julius Kambarage Nyerere” tried to solve the issue of poverty in Tanzania by implementing policies to help the economy, but they failed. The inability to solve this problem causes the community to suffer from many diseases, poor living conditions, unsafe working environment, and alcohol and substance abuse. According to many researches the main reason for poverty in the developing countries is the high percentage of illiteracy especially in Africa, “Around the world,
In the sub-Saharan Africa only 60% of children attend the elementary schools; this is because many children forego school in order to focus on making a living. Lack of education and illiteracy is a problem that limits the employment opportunities of the citizens which increases the rate of unemployment and poverty in our continent. Inequality and political conflicts Social inequality arises from the cultural ideas about different races, genders, ethnic groups etc. Political conflicts between competing parties in some countries make the states of those countries to favor specific race or people and depriving others the opportunities and it in turn causes poverty due to low standards of living. Africa is a continent that is popular for its civil wars within the same country or either between neighboring countries.
The urban poverty is also increasing. Migrants with low-paying jobs or without jobs are unable to afford housing or feed their families. In 2012, it was estimated that the extreme poverty in the Philippines was 19.2% (18.4 million people). Most of the poor people live in rural areas and work primarily in farming and agriculture. Lack of infrastructure prevents Philippines’ economy from growing .A country like Philippines that is still developing also makes it hard for the government to provide basic needs like services in health, education and clean water supply.