Early American history is defined by periods of extreme violence against minority groups. Once Anglo-Saxons immigrated into the British Colonies, many colonists hoped to gain wealth and send raw materials back to England through mercantilism, but most “gentlemen” refused to do work for themselves. The puritans, for example, considered themselves to be god’s chosen ones, so they exploited natives and soon slaves from the Atlantic slave trade. The goal of my paper is to address the question of how Americans subjugated and harassed Native Americans leading to their removal and exclusion from American society. I will answer the question by analyzing five periods time periods, where their mistreatment worsens over time. The time periods of focus include their background before America’s “discovery,” initial contact and violent rhetoric, massive death and religious conversion attempts, the end of the American Revolution, and Indian Removal. A common myth about the discovery of America by Christopher Columbus is that he found an empty continent that had plenty of room for settlers to inhabit. This was a falsification because in 1492, the population of America was between 50 to 100 million[1]. …show more content…
When they first met, the Indians taught the Europeans new farming techniques and they traded with each other. The gesture did not last long as it did not take long for the Europeans to start stealing Algonquin food. In retaliation, Powhatan declared war and started campaigns against the colonists. At first the Powhatans killed 347 Europeans, but the war escalated even further1. Powhatan was killed in 1646 and the Powhatans were forced to sign a treaty ceding their territory to the Europeans[4]. The Europeans used an extremely manipulative strategy to develop trust that they quickly destroyed to gain
As a result, the Natives tried to merge the Europeans as honorary Indians, hoping to harness or neutralize their powers. When that didn’t work, the natives tried to beat the
Before Columbus arrived, Native Americans were already here in present day United States. They already had established their civilizations and the continent was filled with several hundred tribes with their own culture. However, centuries later their population massively declined due to various reasons. The decline of Native Americans was contributed to by reasons such as constant and relentless wars against them, their own illusion of a wrong prophecy and dishonest acts and treaties made to eliminate them and their culture. Americans in the mid 1800’s had imagined the west to be “virgin lands” that was awaiting the settlements of white people.
Throughout the seventeenth century, conflict between Europeans and Native Americans was rampant and constant. As more and more Europeans migrated to America, violence became increasingly consistent. This seemingly institutionalized pattern of conflict begs a question: Was conflict between Europeans and Native Americans inevitable? Kevin Kenny and Cynthia J. Van Zandt take opposing sides on the issue. Kevin Kenny asserts that William Penn’s vision for cordial relations with local Native Americans was destined for failure due to European colonists’ demands for privately owned land.
During the early to mid 1800s, the colonization of “Indians” and subordination of “women’s rights in the American society,” was very essential to those in authority. They were perceived as a mere means to an end by promises of a better life in exchange for “land and work.” Although locals complied, those in offices took advantage by using antagonistic tactics in achieving wealth, power, and ownership. However, these actions lead to “The First Seminole War, The Monroe Doctrine, Andrew Jackson’s leadership, The Indian Removal Act, The California Gold Rush, The Seneca Falls Convention, and the Birth of the Republican Party.” Although some Americans have been perceived as heroes, their actions have said otherwise about their character.
This alliance ultimately undermined the Aztec's previously unparalleled domination and led to a plunge in social order. One can argue that the Spanish conquistadors were being used by rival indigenous natives as their puppets. This reasserts the idea that the Aztec empire would have been conquered by another opposing power eventually. The arrival of the Europeans was not the prime cause of the fall of the Aztec empire; however, their presence accelerated the fall of the once powerful
Smallpox and measles successfully wiped out majorities of native populations creating a much easier path to victory for the Europeans. But not just disease ensured victory for the Europeans. Poor political decisions and societal hierarchy within native societies contributed to their own
Thesis: The English were a prideful group, entangled in ethnocentrism, that caused a condescending and harsh treatment of the Native Americans, while the Native Americans were actually a dynamic and superior society, which led to the resentment and strife between the groups. P1: English view of Native Americans in VA Even though the English were subordinates of the Powhatan, they disrespected him and his chiefdom due to their preconceived beliefs that they were inferior. “Although the Country people are very barbarous, yet have they amongst them such government...that would be counted very civil… [by having] a Monarchical government” (Smith 22). John Smith acknowledges the “very civil” government of the Natives but still disrespected them by calling them “very barbarous,” which
The Europeans came mostly in peace; however, the Native Americans saw the newcomers as a threat to their livelihood. Amoroleck, an Indian captured by the Europeans after a clash between the two, explained that the Native Americans attacked the settlers because they believed the settlers “were a people come from under the world, to take their world from them.” (Merrell 45) With early conflicts, neither party was coming out victorious with their losses out numbering their winnings between the Indians and Europeans. Eventually, the Native Americans would accept the Europeans and even live jointly, aiding one another whether it was determining the best hunting grounds, planting the right crops in the right area, or incorporating lifestyles by helping round up escaped slaves. The two parties learned to make the most out and how to benefit from each other.
In the book, The Cherokee Removal, Perdue and Green argue that the Cherokee Nation was treated unfairly by the U.S. Government in the 1800s. The majority of Americans were not fond of the Native Americans, and the Americans felt as if the Native Americans were on their rightfully owned property. Perdue and Green display how the states were trying to remove the Natives when they write, “A state could use its legal institutions to make life for Indians so miserable that they would gladly sell their lands and flee to the West” (Perdue and Green, 73).
The author, Seybert provide an article informing the reader about Native American slaves’ and the series of events that occurred after the arrival of the Europeans. Before the Europeans arrived, some of the Native tribal groups would capture the Indian slaves and use them for small-scale labor and ritual sacrifice. Indian slaves were treated as if they were part of the Native American tribe. For example, The Creek treated both tribal members and slave children as if they were full members (Seybert, 1). Most importantly the Native Americans did not buy and sell the Indian captives, and if they did it was usually for peace gesture or an exchange of a member.
The Spanish, English, and French would all agree that the New World was a bountiful land, and a place where they could all potentially make a profit. These three groups began colonizing so they could gain profits off the land. The Spanish were mining for gold and silver, the English were harvesting agriculture, and the French were trading for fur skins, and through their attempts to gain money and power they all interacted with Native Americans. During colonization, the Spanish, English, and French treated the Native Americans they encountered with varying degrees of severity, and little kindness in most cases; consequently, their treatment heavily impacted relations with Native Americans.
Rachael Goodson Professor Kathrine Chiles ENG & AFST 331 15 February 2018 William Apess In the nineteenth century, America was at one of its peaks of racial debate, with people starting to question whether it was right for the African Americans to stay enslaved, or if it was time to start the process of freeing the slaves and allowing them to live a better life. However, most people did not even question how the Native Americans were being treated or forced to change almost every aspect of their lives to “please,” as if they could ever be, the white people. William Apess’ The Experience of Five Christian Indians is an example of some of the harsh ways that Indians were treated before and even after they were “forcibly” converted to Christianity.
“Columbus, the Indians, and Human Progress”, chapter one of “A People’s History of the United States”, written by professor and historian Howard Zinn, concentrates on a different perspective of major events in American history. It begins with the native Bahamian tribe of Arawaks welcoming the Spanish to their shores with gifts and kindness, only then for the reader to be disturbed by a log from Columbus himself – “They willingly traded everything they owned… They would make fine servants… With fifty men we could subjugate them all and make them do whatever we want.” (Zinn pg.1) In the work, Zinn continues explaining the unnecessary evils Columbus and his men committed unto the unsuspecting natives.
Throughout the 19th century Native Americans were treated far less than respectful by the United States’ government. This was the time when the United States wanted to expand and grow rapidly as a land, and to achieve this goal, the Native Americans were “pushed” westward. It was a memorable and tricky time in the Natives’ history, and the US government made many treatments with the Native Americans, making big changes on the Indian nation. Native Americans wanted to live peacefully with the white men, but the result of treatments and agreements was not quite peaceful. This precedent of mistreatment of minorities began with Andrew Jackson’s indian removal policies to the tribes of Oklahoma (specifically the Cherokee indians) in 1829 because of the lack of respect given to the indians during the removal laws.
Historically, Americans Indians (Natives Americans) had long maltreated from colonizers. In the Era of the New World discovery, Christopher Columbus forced them into work without compensation (Benjamin Bowser). And when the newcomers came to America in the look for better lives, Natives’ condition had seriously deteriorated. The colonizers destroyed their heritages and traditions. To fight this repression, they sided with every possible warrior (French, Spanish and British) to secure their culture, unfortunately, they always lost every combats or wars.