The "Pax Mongolia" contributed to the development of a new global culture by connecting commercial interests and diplomatic leaders, spreading agriculture, spreading knowledge, and influencing art and literature. The Pax Mongolica called for an expansion of trading routes across the Mongol Empire. These trading routes existed between Persia and China, where goods such as spices and steel were exchanged. The trading routes also connected the four regions of the Mongol Empire: China, Moghulistan, Persia, and Russia. The leaders in these areas still needed goods from leaders in other regions, so commercial interests brought diplomatic peace between the areas. This peace contributed to the development of a new, global culture by increasing interaction …show more content…
Trade routes also existed across bodies of water. China's Zaytun port linked to Hormuz in the Persian Gulf, creating the central route of trading by sea that connected the Middle East to the Far East. The Mongols found more trading partners along this route in places such as Vietnam and Arabia. Chinese citizens even moved to these new trading posts in places such as Vietnam and Java, leading to the development of a new, global culture by intertwining people around the world. Trade between China and Europe broke tradition, purging the existing notion that commerce was immoral. Broken tradition during this time of peace helped lead to a new, global culture by connecting new areas of the world. Weatherford provides an example of cultural and commercial unity in the following quote: "By responding to the needs of a universal market, the Mongol workshops in China eventually were producing not merely traditional Chinese crafts... but adding entirely new items for specialized markets (226)..." The trading route connections developed in the Pax Mongolica also spread agriculture to different parts of the …show more content…
Weatherford shows how knowledge impacted the world in the following text: "The Mongols made culture portable (229)." Medical knowledge spread with the trading of drugs across the globe. This ordeal intertwined cultures of the world in their quest to solve sickness and disease, leading to the development of a new, global culture. A necessity for calendrical knowledge also spread throughout the Mongol Empire as trade increased, leading to the creation of observatories to study astronomical occurrences in different regions the Mongols conquered. The newfound knowledge gathered from these observations led to the development of a new, global culture. Advancements in mathematics, such as the abacus allowed for efficient calculations of different things such as censuses and accounts for goods. The Mongols used Indian and Arabic mathematical advancements for more efficient and complex calculations. As well as mathematics, historical writings led to the development of a new, global culture by influencing the ways the Mongol reigned over their subjects. The Mongols added their own styles of rule to these writings led to the development of a new, global culture. Technological knowledge, like printing, led to the development of a new, global culture by allowing for information to be disseminated across the globe. Weatherford provides an
Between the years of 1450 and 1650, there was a period of time referred to as the “Age of Exploration”, in which the Europeans began to master ocean travel and thus migrate into newly found regions. The era before this was known as the “Post Classical Era”, which consisted of many dominant civilizations, such as the Mongol Empire. The Mongols were able to create such an authoritative empire because of their excellent, dominating army that consisted of superb horsemen and archers. They were highly organized and mobile, allowing them to become the largest empire known to man, acquiring much land throughout Eurasia. Since the Mongols had such a dominant military, they were able to provide protection along the Silk Road, leading to an increase
The Mongol expansion had a profound influence on interregional trade. The Mongols created a vast empire that stretched from China to Europe, and this allowed for the free flow of goods and people across the continent. This led to increased trade and cultural exchange, and it also helped to spread new technologies and ideas. The Mongols also built a network of roads and bridges, which further facilitated trade.
They conquered nearly all of Asia and achieved the dream of controlling the continental caravan routes from China to Persia (Doc J). The Mongol Empire made significant contributions to the political institutions, economic development, and cultural diversity of many lands (Doc J). In both China and Persia the Mongols had taken up homes among their subjects and blended with the local societies which led to the diversified economic development (Doc J). Mongol emperors built canals to improve transportation and communication also the silk industry benefited from the Mongol conquest. When visited by travelers the Mongols were known to have harsh laws on theft make them very trustworthy to trade with (Doc K).
In the eleventh century, China and the world of Islam were flourishing. However they were conquered and ruled by the Mongols. The political and economic effects of Mongol rule on China and the Middle East were similar but different in their own way. The Mongols toleration and acceptance of the religions in that region were slightly different from each other.
Tyler Rico 5/9/17 Section 2 DBQ Essay During the times leading up the 1500s Christianity and Islam both had different views on merchants and their craft with people from both faiths having varying degrees of opinions on it. Trade increased dramatically after the Mongols came into power and secured the Silk Roads making trade a lot more profitable and a lot less dangerous. This made the issue of trading come to light even more as it became more prevalent in people's everyday life. After the fall of the Mongols western nations raced to find new ways around the Silk Road as they did not want to trade through Muslim controlled land.
Benjamin Franklin said, “No nation was ever ruined by trade.” During the early modern era, technological advancements in shipbuilding and increased knowledge on wind and current patterns made global trading possible. The increased flow of trade in the 1300s through 1800s created important social relations and economic opportunities due to the increased integration of foreign people and desire to be wealthiest and most powerful, while improving government, culture, and ideas in the modern world. Global trading increased the spread of people, which also increased the spread of religion and culture.
DBQ: The Mongols: How Barbaric were the “Barbarians”? Throughout history, the term “barbarian” has been used to refer to groups of “uncivilized” people with savage and evil qualities. What it essentially means is foreigners. A specific group of people called “barbaric” are the Mongols, a small tribe from central asian grasslands who during the 13th century, conquered much of the known world.
Obvious negative effects of the invasions were immediately evident such as death counts and destroyed property. But slowly peace was restored as the Mongol rule spread to much of the known world. Needed changes began occurring such as the Silk Road was reopened by the Mongols. The Mongols introduced gunpowder and the importance of written language. They contributed considerable to the commerce of both China and the Middle East as they once again began trading and exporting their goods and
The Pax Mongolica made it so the trade along the Silk Road was safe and people felt protected. A quotation that describes how the new found peace was very impactful to the trade it is, “A young woman with a sack of gold could ride from one end of the empire to another and no one would trouble her” (Craughwell 11). This is showing how the Mongol Peace affected the empire
Because the Mongols allowed religions to coexist, it brought peace to the empire. The Pax Mongolica was a period of time of peace and stability in the world at the time in the 13th and 14th century (Pax Mongolica). During this period of time they promoted inter-state relations. Also since they controlled a lot of Asia they were able to guarantee safety and security for people traveling. One of the ways they made sure there was peace they established a set of laws known as the Yassa.
The main themes of Before European Hegemony revolve around the many aspects of trade, disastrous events, and the many pivotal events and advancements which changed the course of the many rival nations within the era preceding total European dominance. Before European hegemony is a very thorough book, providing insights into the inner workings of several empires in the thirteenth century. The theme of missteps and misfortune among these earlier nations enables Abu-Lughod’s idea of European dominance with the thirteenth century to be solidified and supplemented with validity, with Abu-Lughod providing a flowing narrative of historical events which permitted Europe to take its place as . Abu-Lughod investigations and observations into the economics
At the start of the thirteenth century, the mongols rose to power using various tactics both psychologically and physically , extending their territory far and wide across Afro-Eurasia. While under the leader known as Genghis Khan, the Mongols conquered a vast amount of land uncomparable to the land conquered by Alexander the Great, as they unite the lands under one name. Leaving a mark so large on the cities behind with everlasting consequences that can not be erased. During the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, the mongols impacted the societies of Afro-Eurasia in many different ways. These impacts included making trade routes safer by having mongols patrol the silk roads which made trade safer for merchants/ the shifting of currency to
Extensive trans-cultural commerce occurred as well. Inventions such as crossbows, paper, and gunpowder were traded across the majority of Afro-Eurasia. Many cities, including Tashkent and Kalgan, relied on the business that travelers from the Silk Roads brought. Additionally, many regions shared languages, cultural attitudes, and religious motifs. The Silk Roads truly connected Afro-Eurasia, bringing new recourses and innovations to each
However, by 1000 CE, the European political leaders were already improving and became politically more stable than before because of the Mongol exchange. The Mongols trade from the East to the West, global trade expanded sharply under the Mongol Empire. Exchanges during the Mongol era by the Christian missionaries, Italian merchants and European diplomats. Intellectual exchanges of art and knowledge were continuous. Historian Jack Weatherford stated in his book that “The Mongols made culture portable: it was not enough to merely exchange goods, because whole systems of knowledge had to also be transported in order to use many of the new products” For example, drugs were not profitable unless one knew its medical
The created of the Mongol Empire changed Eurasia positively, and also began the movement of the peoples and