Fear, sharply defined, is both the psychological and emotional response to a sense of being in danger. Fear is basically a survival mechanism in that it promotes self-preservation. Anxiety, however, is the warning signal of one 's increasing impotence to survive. It has been said that anxiety is "fear spread out thin." Not all anxiety is pernicious, but rather only certain forms of it.
This type of depression is like other depressions because they can have the same effect on a person. Additionally, this depression can veer by affect people with decreased energy, headaches, digestive disorders, skittish, and chronic pains. In fact The Web MD says it can affect the human body by “ headaches, digestive disorders, and chronic pains. Difficulty concentrating, remembering, making decisions.”So, this means that this type of depression and other depressions can cause these symptoms. In fact, people do get Insomnia from depression.
Irrational thinking might be the cause of generalized anxiety disorder. Patients with generalized anxiety disorder are found to have unrealistic view of danger. Many of them fear being in pain, harmed and have repeated thoughts of death, suffering in pain, being in danger and getting damaged mentally and physically in anyway.Psychodynamic ? Caused from our psychological alerting mechanism that arises when patient 's unconscious motivations clash with the conscious mind of the patient.Environmental ? Stress and trauma are brought to be the cause of generalized anxiety disorder.
Although people with high levels of communication apprehension presumably want to avoid communication in general, it may also be hypothesized that some types of communication will appear more threatening to the individual and thus avoided even more than others, such as was the case with public speaking and seeing an advisor as previously noted. Following this line of reasoning, three studies have tested the hypothesis that people with high communication apprehension will engage in less self-disclosure than other people. All three obtained support for the hypothesis (Hamilton, 1972; McCroskey and Richmond, 1976; Wheeless, Nesser, and McCroskey, 1976). Whether this pattern is produced by lack of self-esteem, the desire to avoid the reciprocity
393). This analysis of self-esteem has its roots in the observation that threats or challenges to individuals with high self-esteem in valued domains often produce a performance-orientation response. That is, instead of responding to threats or challenges as a means to learning, these people challenge the feedback or engage in self-destructive behaviors. Among other things, they become preoccupied with their self-concept at the expense of relationships with others, and when success is uncertain, they become anxious and do things that undermine their likelihood of succeeding, such as self-handicapping and procrastination (Franken,
Furthermore, the stage of development, while the abuse occurs will influence the type and severity of the consequences. Additionally, the more chronic and long- lasting the abuse and neglect, the more harmful it is. When the abuse and neglect are caused, by parents or another significant figure a child, becomes confused because their supposed source of safety is the source of their harm. Different types of abuse, such as physical, emotional, and sexual have different consequences, but the consequences of all maltreatment, are likely to happen in three stages. Firstly, a child may have an initial reaction such as post-traumatic symptoms, painful emotions, and cognitive distortions.
PSYCHOTICISM Individuals who have psychosis tend to be very aggressive. Not only are they aggressive but they are also very confident which makes the situation worse. They often attempt to cause harm to other individuals and cause irritation as well. These individuals are egotistical and are self-centred. They are insensitive and are very manipulative.
Erik Erikson’s Psychosocial Developmental Theory Erik Erikson (1950, 1963) proposed a psychoanalytic theory of psychosocial development comprising eight stages from infancy to adulthood. During each stage, the person experiences a psychosocial crisis which could have a positive or negative outcome for personality development. Erikson 's ideas were greatly influenced by Freud, going along with Freud’s (1923) theory regarding the structure and topography of personality. However, whereas Freud was an id psychologist, Erikson was an ego psychologist. He emphasized the role of culture and society and the conflicts that can take place within the ego itself, whereas Freud emphasized the conflict between the id and the superego.
The low self-esteem hypothesis has been reported in several versions, none of which is broadly satisfactory. Some are inconsistent, while others seem theoretically correct but run contrary to the accumulated evidence about self-esteem. The most feasible opinion considers low self-esteem not as a cause of violence but in contrast it suggests that any violent behaviour that exist among people with low self-esteem will be expressed when the fear of reprisal is
(Spielberger et al. 2005). State anxiety is an unpleasant feeling which can influence the individual ability to react in a positive way in any situation. 2.2. Trait anxiety.