Justin Smith Howard Trail v. Timothy Lesko (Case Brief 7)
Facts
Facebook is a social networking site, which is a web-based service. People create accounts and join communities with other people over the internet. Social networking sites use Web 2.0 technology. The case arises from an accident which occurred on September 26, 2009 after Timothy Lesko attended a Gun Bash. Michael Trail claimed serious injuries from the accident. Timothy Lesko claimed that he was not the driver and does not know who was driving while the accident occurred.
Procedural History
None
Issue
Should both parties be granted access to the other’s personal/private Facebook account to try to discover evidence?
Holding
Both parties are denied access to the other’s profile.
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M’Intosh (Case Brief 9)
Facts
Thomas Johnson bought land from Native Americans and then it was given to his descendants. William M’Intosh obtained the same land through a land patent from the United States federal government. The property of land had two grants permitting ownership of the same land and both parties wanted to keep the land.
Procedural History
The district court dismissed the claim to have M’Intosh evicted, but ruled in favor of defendant.
Issue
Do Native Americans have the ability to give land as well as do citizens of the US have the ability to obtain it from them?
Holding
The Native Americans do not have the ability to give land to Americans and Americans cannot obtain it from them.
Judgment
The judgment was affirmed.
Reasoning
The reasoning behind the holding is that the nation that discovers the piece of land has the control over regulations regarding interactions with the Native Americans. Also when the land was bought by Johnson there was no paperwork done as in the title of the land, but even if the Native Americans did create a title. The title would not stand in a US court and furthermore the Native Americans do not have the right to grant land, but the US has the right. So basically, Natives of a land are allowed to live there, but are not allowed to give or sell land to
Lindsay G. Robertson's Conquest by Law: How the Discovery of America Dispossessed Indigenous Peoples of Their Lands centers on the landmark 1823 Supreme Court case Johnson vs. M'Intosh. Robertson's research provides previously undiscovered knowledge of the circumstances surrounding the case, placing the case in a new context both politically and judicially. Robertson tells the story of a costly mistake, one made by the American judicial system but paid for by an indigenous people who to this day suffer from the effects of American settlement. As reviewer Christopher Tomlin writes, "Robertson's narrative is far less concerned with parsing its legal doctrine, than with the historical circumstances of the case itself." Robertson begins his
Discovery of land brings with it the right to obtain title either by purchase or conquest, subject to the Indians’ right of occupancy. However, the treaty ending the American Revolutionary War transferred sovereignty and power of the lands under such transfers from the British to the United States. The land conveyance to Johnson in this case was made under English rule. The land came under American rule and thus the transfer to Johnson became invalid under American law after the American Revolution,. Additionally, the Indians had a right to annul the agreement with Johnson and reserve the land for themselves in the treaties between the Indians and the United States,.
Issue Whether the land title conveyed from the Indian tribes to private persons prior to the American Revolution is accepted in a United States court? Facts Joshua Johnson (plaintiff) inherited a tract of land from his father, who bought the land from the Piankeshaw Indians prior to the American Revolution at which time the Piankeshaw Indians lived on the land. The county of Illinois in which the land was located was created by the State of Virginia after the Declaration of Independence. The land was then conveyed to the United States government by the Virginia delegates to Congress.
So, the white men were fine with letting the Cherokees stay where they were UNTIL they heard there was a whole lot of gold on it, then the white men wanted the land. John Ross was committed to keeping the Cherokee land away from white men because he loved the land and Cherokee Indians a lot. He had even turned down 200,000 dollars that the white men were going to give him for the land. But, eventually, in the year 1830, things got really bad, the US Gov’t passed the Indian Removal Act and in Georgia the white men held a lottery to give away the Indians’ land. John Ross tried to use diplomacy to have the Cherokee’s rights to the land recognized.
While some americans may agree with tecumseh, many others would maintain their belief that the natives were not entitled to land because of their savagery. Yet, by paralleling land to
In 1742 the chief of Onondaga of the Iroquois Confederacy knew that his land that the people shared would become more valuable than it has ever been. (Doc B)The reason for this was because the “white people” also known as the Americans wanted the land of the chief. The feelings of the Chief result in complaining to the representatives of Pennsylvania, Maryland and Virginia,
The Act led to an array of legal and moral arguments for and against the need to relocate the Indians westward from the agriculturally productive lands of the Mississippi in Georgia and parts of Alabama. This paper compares and contrasts the major arguments for and against the
“I always see America as really belonging to the Native Americans. Even though I’m American, I still feel like a visitor in my country” (Nicolas Cage). Throughout US history, Native Americans who have lived longer in America than many Americans do not truly adhere the same rights as Americans. During the 19th century, for example, a group known as the Plains Indians inhabited the Great Plains but were soon deprived of it by US settlers. When the government agreed on the Treaty of Fort Laramie, which was the first treaty between the government and the Plains Indians to recognize that the Indians owned the Great Plains, it was ignored when gold was discovered in 1858.
As white settlers moved in, Native American tribes were slowly forced out through laws and treaties. They were treated with little respect, moved from their homes onto smaller strips of land called reservations, and having their culture stripped from them by being forcibly assimilated into American culture. The Homestead Act is unfair towards Native Americans and takes away their rightful homes.
It cannot be taken from them unless by their free consent, or by the right of conquest in case of a just war” (Document B). Which means that the Native Americans were protected of their rights of staying on American land, since they were the first to be on the land, and they could only be removed if they agreed or lost by war. However, the US government would trick Native American Tribes to agree to unfair treaties and this would be major mistakes that were being made, because it was still unfair to them, but was constitutional since they were willing to agree to these treaties. Soon after Andrew Jackson, achieved his political goals of expanding into the west. In his First Annual Message to Congress on 1829, Andrew Jackson agreed that “It has long been the policy of Government to introduce among them the arts of civilization” (Document O).
Humans have been fighting wars and conquering each other since they set foot on this world. We fight like dogs and cats, taking each other's wealth, land, and power, yet we still say it is wrong to take something away from someone. Why is it wrong for the Americans to take the Native American's land when the Native Americans take other people's lands too? Whether the land is yours or not depends solely on how strong your army is and how large your land is. If Whites developed more advanced weaponry, better battle strategies, and were more determined than the Native people already on the land, then the land they take belongs to them.
The assertion that the land should still belong to the Lakota because the United States violated the Fort Laramie treaty by acquiring the land without Lakota approval has been undermined however by the United States Supreme Court. In the case United States v. Sioux Nation of Indians (1980) the 8-1 ruling was that the United States’ “sole legal shortcoming was the failure to pay just compensation” for the land (Pommersheim 116). Although the land was seized using moral justifications that ranged from questionable to outright egregious, the Lakota were just as expansionist when they arrived on the land less than 100 years before (Kurkiala 449). The United States continued to honor the law however, and proposed paying $17.5 million to the Lakota as compensation for the land. The court later revised this number to $122.5 million by compounding a 5% interest annually (Churchill 135) but the Lakota response to this was that they were no more willing to take the new offer than the old one.
" They offer you a fraction of what it cost, and you refuse. Now, they don 't give you any money and bring a small army to force you off your land! You wouldn 't like that would you? Well, that 's what happened to the Cherokee, and it was deemed proper because of the lies the government fed
Within hours of the United States government’s announcement that “Unassigned Lands” in a two million acre section of the Indian
The Native Americans need their land back . Money is a good way for them to solve their problems but not like having their land back . I believe land is better than money because it can change their life's in so many ways . It's a way of getting their dignity back after what happened to them causes by our people.