Tasha Magloire
Instrumental Chemistry
Real World Project: HPLC and Raman Analysis of Ascorbic Acid in Fruit Juices
Introduction: Ascorbic acid (also known as Vitamin C) is a water soluble vitamin that is needed for the growth and repair of tissues in the body. Vitamin C protects against scurvy, heart disease, cancer, the common cold, and high blood pressure. Vitamin C can also be used as an antioxidant and dietary supplement. It’s naturally present in some fruits and vegetables and In some commercial juices.
Purpose: To evaluate and analyze the Vitamin C content in four commercial fruit juices using Raman scattering and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), and construct a calibration plot relating peak area for the ascorbic
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We retested two spiked samples of apple juice and orange juice on the HPLC, adding only .05 g of Ascorbic acid to obtain clean peaks that fit under the calibration curve
HPLC Method
1) Make sure there is enough degassed methanol and water.
2) Turn on computer and check pump lines A and B for air bubbles
3) Turn on detector (SPD-10 AV)
4) On desktop, select HPLC, select Shimadzu icon, select the Methods icon and choose TSW.met
5) Set parameters by clicking the yellow box icon, click Parameters and set as following:
a. Flow rate A: .500 mL/min
b. Flow rate B: .500 mL/min
c. Flow rate C: 1.000 mL/min
d. Max pressure:6000 psi
e. Min pressure: 1
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Flow rate A: .010 mL/min
b. flow rate B: .010 mL/min
c. Flow rate C: 1.000 mL/min
11) Click download and turn detector off, leave computer and pumps on
FT-Raman Method
1) Fill the blue dewar with liquid nitrogen and wait 20 minutes then top off
2) make sure the FTIR is on
3) Turn on the laser power supply switch and then turn the key to the on position
4) Make sure the lever between the Raman and FTIR is up, the lever between the Raman and microscope is down, and the internal lever in the Raman should be up, meaning bypass closed
5) Double click on the Varian Resolutions Pro icon to open software
6) From the current scan menu select Raman scan
7) Optics parameters should be:
a. IR source: off
b. Beam: right
c. Detector: Raman Ge
d. Beamsplitter: quartz near IR
e. Accessory: FT-Raman
f. ATR Crystal: none
g. Optical filter: holographic notch
h. Aperture: open
8) Select the laser tab and click turn on diode
9) Press the shutter switch on the front of the Raman (to open) and turn the power to its highest,
Emma Carruth Period 2 25 October, 2015 Dr. Frank Project Proposal Researchable Question: How does a circuit connected to a pump regulator, which models an artificial pancreas, affect the regulation of blood sugar over time? Experiments: Using an acidic solution (Vinegar) to mimic the high blood glucose levels and a basic solution (Baking Soda) to mimic the insulin. A pump, that is connected to a cricut board, will turn on and off automatically based on how high the glucose levels are and it will add the basic solution to the acidic solution so that it will return the glucose levels to normal. I will see if and how the pump transfers the basic solution to the acidic solution with the starting levels of the vinegar in order to neutralize the “blood
Next, about 10 mL of both solutions, Red 40 and Blue 1, were added to a small beaker. The concentration of the stock solution were recorded, 52.1 ppm for Red 40 and 16.6 ppm for Blue 1. Then, using the volumetric pipette, 5 mL of each solution was transferred into a 10 mL volumetric flask, labelled either R1 or B1. Deionized water was added into the flask using a pipette until the solution level reached a line which indicated 10 mL. A cap for the flask was inserted and the flask was invented a few times to completely mix the solution. Then, the volumetric pipette was rinsed with fresh deionized water and
A. Hold the grating several inches from your face, at an angle. Look at the grating that you will be using. Record what details you see at the grating surface. I see the different colors of the rainbow when holding the grating several inches from my face.
Dislodge any bubbles by tapping on a hard surface and position the cuvette in the spectrometer so light passes through the clear side. 7. Connect the spectrometer to Labquest and select a new file. Calibrate the spectrometer by placing the blank inside and allowing the lamp to warm up. The optimal wavelength for the standard curve and data collection can be started at this stage.
Set the wavelength to 470 nm, this is to measure the tetraguaiacol. Set the spectrophotometer to zero by using a blank. The blank should contain 13.3 mL of distilled water, 0.2 mL of guaiacol, and 1.5 mL of enzyme extract in a clean test tube. After, transfer a portion of this mixture into a cuvette, cover the top of the cuvette with Parafilm and then place the cuvette into the spectrophotometer and set it to
Purpose The purpose of this lab was to measure the temperature of a solution to see how much energy was gained/lose during the reaction between the NiCl2 and Ethylenediamine. In this experiment we were also finding how many Ethylenediamine will bind to Ni+2 in an aqueous solution. By measuring the change in evolved heat, it’s possible to find the maximum number of Ethylenediamine molecules that have attached to each ion. Procedure Gather materials Analytic Balance Pasco with temperature probe Styrofoam cup Tape 5 M Ethylenediamine 0.998 M NiCl2 10 mL Pipet 2 mL
= 10^-3 M = 1,000 mL Here C1,C2; are the first and second concentrations of solution V1 and V2 ; are the required and current volumes. The impeller turned on and DDA, and tap water left to be mixed properly with water for 2 minutes. Approximately 150 grams of quartz added into the solution.
\section{Facility Static and Dynamic Control}\label{Calibr} The facility calibration is the transfer function between the oscillating gauge pressure $P_C(t)$ in the chamber (described in ~\autoref{Sub31}) and the liquid flow rate $q(t)$ in the distributing channel, i.e. the test section. Due to practical difficulties in measuring $q(t)$ within the thin channel, and being the flow laminar, this transfer function was derived analytically and validated numerically as reported in ~\autoref{Sub32} and ~\autoref{Sub33}. \subsection{Pressure Chamber Response}\label{Sub31} Fig.\ref{fig:2a} shows three example of pressure signals $P_C(t)$, measured in the pneumatic chamber.
Place the slide on the microscope stage. Secure with the sample clips. 7. Focus and centre the specimen using the high objective lens. Adjust focus using the fine focus knob only.
interface which plugged into a computer and Logger Pro opened. To calibrate the probe, Experiment-Set Up Sensors-Showed All Interfaces was selected and then Calibrate Now was on. The probe was cleaned in distilled water and dried. Then the probe was placed into a buffer solution. There was two buffer solutions, one with a pH of 4.00 and the other with a pH of 7.00.
The colorimeter must be set to the correct wavelength setting. In this experiment, the wavelength must be set to blue so it can
In recent research studies, the healing properties of oranges have been associated with a wide variety of phytonutrient compounds. these phytonutrients include citrus flavanones when it's combined with vitamin c the antioxidant properties are expected to be there but it's another molecule that makes the vitamin c stronges and it is the hesperidin molecule which has been singled out as the most important
Driving a stick shift is becoming a lost skill in today’s society. Only a handful of teenagers know how successfully operate a car with a manual transmission. Most will reply with nothing but a blank stare if asked what a clutch is. It’s very common for cars that possess super speed to be powered by a manual transmission, therefore if one wishes to drive a deluxe car like this, they ought to learn how to maneuver a stick shift.
Again select the flask and select Distillation Head from the drop down menu. ➢ For the third time select the flask and choose Condenser from Distillation from the menu and for last time select the flask Distillation Take-off from the dropdown option. ➢ Select the 100 mL Graduated Cylinder from the Equipment option and put it underneath of distillation take-off.
That caused a new initial reading of NaOH on the burette (see Table1 & 2). The drops were caused because the burette was not tightened enough at the bottom to avoid it from being hard to release the basic solution for titrating the acid. The volume of the acid used for each titration was 25ml. The volume of the solution was then calculated by subtracting the initial volume from the final volume. We then calculated the average volume at each temperature.