Human Factors Theory

The international society of today has a firm belief that the occupational safety and health management of companies should be handled in an efficient manner mainly due to the fact an efficient occupational safety and health management can ensure that the work environment is conducive, safe and hazard-free. The primary function of the occupational safety and health management of any given company is to facilitate and secure the occupational safety and health as well as taking employees' safety and health into account. In addition to this, it is important for occupational safety and health management to provide a safe and comfortable work environment for their employees. The advantages of a well-oiled human resource management are it helps to

The environmental cause of occupational accident mostly involved one of the sub-section of Human Factors Theory. The Human Factors Theory mainly involved three principles which are Workload, Inappropriate Response and Inappropriate Activity. The Inappropriate Response principle believes that the way an employee respond to different circumstances could either be the cause of an accident or prevent an accident from taking place. A simple example to explain this principle is that construction workers are required to wear the appropriate equipment and follow the rules and regulations that has been set by the management. Failure to comply to the rules and regulation is considered as an inappropriate response. In addition to the Inappropriate Response principle, unsafe work environment could also lead to accidents. Dan Petersen (n.d) developed this theory further by developing the Accident Theory. There are also three principles that encompasses the Accident Theory which is Ergonomic Circumstance, Incorrect Decision and System Failure. The System Failure principle is one of the most important principles of Dan Petersen's Theory as it shows different end result that is likely to occur due to the decision-making and safety as well as it emphasizes the role of management in preventing occupational accidents. There are several reasons that contributes to system failure which are the management's

The employee-related cause largely involved a theory called Epidemiology Theory. Epidemiology, as its own term, is used to define the field of study that examines the cause and effect relationship between environmental factors with diseases. The Epidemiology Theory, which was based on the study of Epidemiology, is a term used to describe a model used to study and determine corresponding relationship between the cause and effect between environmental factors and occupational accidents. The diagram below briefly explains the Epidemiology Accident Theory in which the main components of the diagram were the inclination factor and the situational factor. If both the factors were to combine, it will either cause or prevent circumstances that lead to occupational accidents. An example of the application of this theory is that if an employee is prone to be peer-pressured (inclination factor) and a situation occur where the employee was pressured by another employee (situational factor) to speed up his work, it is highly likely that it will cause negligence that could lead to the probability that an accident will happen in the