Human Trafficking Literature Review

Human trafficking, or trafficking in persons (TIP) or modern day slavery, is a heinous and widespread crime occurring around the world in nearly every society. Most people often thought slavery was part of the past; however, human slavery is part of our current society and has been an on-going issue around the world. Human trafficking is a type of slavery that involves forced or bonded labour, sexual servitude, child labour, or involuntary servitude all over the world. It is important to note that sex trafficking contributes to more than half of human trafficking and most of these victims are women and young girls. This modern day slavery can happen to anyone, anywhere, and at anytime (Ton, 2012).This literature review of documents and reports

There are relatively few publications and researches that address the nature and extent of human trafficking in the Kingston region. There is a slightly more established group of child protection research studies about prevention, assistance and protection programs that address children trafficking and related exploitation within Caribbean countries. This review of literature focuses on four main questions: What is human trafficking and to what extent does tourism impact human trafficking in Kingston. The steps are being taken to minimize the risk of human trafficking or what can be done to minimize the level of human trafficking among young women and children and whether or not is the openly free access given to visitors into the country without monitored supervision is somehow a contributing factor to human trafficking. Research articles and reports from non-government organizations, advocacy groups, governments and educators were

Women and children trafficked into sex industries are often forced into activities such as prostitution and pornography. The basis of the sex trafficking trade is female victims and male perpetrators and the gender roles of victims and perpetrators value gender-focused strategies to combat sex trafficking (Busch-Armendariz, 2009).

Sex trafficking. Sex trafficking receives a great deal of attention, trafficking for labour purposes is actually in greater demand (Gozdziak, 2008). Labour trafficking applies to men, women, boys and girls. While research on sex trafficking is criticized for being ideological, there is very little attempt to analyse labour trafficking through the development of a theoretical framework for understanding this phenomena.

Labour trafficking. While victims of trafficking for labour may be forced into domestic servitude or industrial labour. One crucial component in labour trafficking is migration. Industries that demand cheap labour, such as agriculture, fisheries, manufacturing and construction, encourage migration of unskilled workers. In the absence of standards to protect their human rights, migrants become particularly vulnerable to