Hydrochloric Acid Essay

causes of stomach ulcer: stomach usually produces acid to help with the digestion of food and to destroy bacteria. This acid is corrosive, therefore some cells on the inside lining of the stomach and duodenum usually produce a natural mucus barrier which protects the lining of the stomach and duodenum. Generally there is always a balance between the acid amount that we make and the mucus protect barrier. Due to the alteration in this balance an ulcer may develop, allowing the acid to damage the lining of the duodenum or stomach . Infection with Helicobacter pylori: Infection b Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the cases of stomach ulcer.

Once iodine was dropped onto the circle labeled “ Saliva”, it transformed into a white/ yellow Colour, due to it granting the starch to break down properly, it transformed white as a result of there being no starch, hence it executed its main action. Once iodine was dropped onto the circle, which was labeled “HCL+ saliva”, was divided into two colours, white and navy blue, this arose because the starch did not get broken down. The enzyme got denatured with the extension of hydrochloric acid of hydrochloric acid. The acid found in hydrochloric acid obtains a low level oh pH (2), causing it not to be broken down, rather to be denatured, confirms amylase can’t continue it’s activity without a particular high amount of acid, (that is found in stomach acid). My hypothesis is incorrect due to the fact that my prediction is

Following its release from food, the non-haem iron is present in its ferric form in the stomach. Although ferric iron remains soluble in an acidic environment such as the stomach, once it passes into the small intestine it is exposed to alkaline juices excreted from the pancreas into the intestine. In this more alkaline environment, the ferric iron may form a ferric hydroxide complex, which usually aggregates and precipitates, thus becoming difficult to absorb. To prevent this, ferric iron must be converted to its ferrous form which remains soluble at an alkaline pH. There are enzymes located on the intestinal brush border known as ferrireductases which reduce ferric iron to the more soluble ferrous state.

A fistula is an opening on the large intestine and another surface that stick together and form a tunnel. If they are healed while connected, it can cause the spread of bacteria from the large intestine and cause inflammation and infection. The last, but yet of many more complications is dysuria or painful urination. Diverticulitis can cause a part of the bowels that are inflamed to have contact with the bladder causing the pain and having to urinate more often. It can also cause air to be present in urine which is the result of a fistula.

G-cells produce gastrin which is a hormone that enables the production the production of hydrochloric acid by the parietal cells. An animal’s stomach is protected by epithelial cells, which produce and secrete a bicarbonate-rich solution that coats the mucosa. The bicarbonate is a base that neutralizes the acid secreted by parietal cells, producing water in the process. Your stomach protects itself from auto digestion which is organs being digested by stomach acid, due to the continuous supply of bicarbonate. The inner surface of the stomach is lined by a mucous membrane, known as the gastric mucosa or epithelial cells.

Epiglottitis. Epiglottitis is the inflammation of the flap at the base of the tongue that keeps food from entering the trachea. A patient with epiglottitis will have rapid onset of sore throat, fever, cough, difficulty swallowing, and an elevated respiratory rate. This is a rare condition. The patient will usually exhibit drooling and have a muffled voice.

When the stomach contents pass through the mouth, they can erode tooth enamel because they are very acidic. Thus, tooth erosion, sensitivity, discoloration, and possible tooth loss are likely to occur. Due to the frequency of vomiting, the parotid salivary glands can begin to swell. However, this symptom relieves when the person stops vomiting. As the individual induces vomiting, the lower esophageal sphincter must open to allow the stomach contents move backward through the esophagus.

Ali Atwi : Internal assesment – calculating of the concentration of ethanoic acid in vinegar AIM : To calculate the concentration of ethanoic acid CH3COOH in vinegar using stoichiometric equations, ( Yamaha brand ) Introduction : I personally like to add a little bit of vinegar on my food because it makes it taste better, yet I know that vinegar contains acid, and I also know the consequences of highly concentrated acid intake, like severe itching and stomach ache, vomiting. Venigar contains a small percentage of ethanoic acid Ch3COOH. This practical aims to find out the concentration of the of the vinegar against a standard solution of sodium hydroxide soloution of concentration 0.1 mol dm3 through acid-base titration, the label on the bottle says 6%. The equation of the reaction between sodium hydroxide and ethanoic acid is as follows: CH3COOH + NaOH → CH3COONa + H2O We can measure the end point of titration process and we can also measure the amount of reactants. The concentration of ethanoic acid in the vinegar can be determined through stoichiometric calculations, Using the values obtained from the titration, and also the chemical equation as a reference.

Your stomach is a hollow organ that holds food whilst it is being broken down by the enzymes. There is also strong acid released by the glands in the lining of the stomach which helps break down food into a more useable form and also aids in the destruction of most ingested bacteria. After the contents have successfully been broken down they are released into the small intestine. The small intestine is a 22 foot long tube that helps to break down the food with enzymes released from the pancreas and bile released form the liver. In this organ the process of Peristalsis is at work, pushing the food further and further through the small intestine towards the colon.

Both oesophagus and stomach use voluntary and involuntary movements. Our stomach contains acids known as hydrochloric acid, which helps dissolve and breaks down food. Within the digestive system is organ called liver. This organ filters out the blood that comes from our stomach. The liver is basically safe guard of all the other organs.