Minigrids are electricity systems that combine electricity generation and distribution at the small-scale (usually below 10 MW). 99% of minigrids in small islands and remote areas in Indonesia which already have electricity still use diesel gensets (DG) as their source of power generation. Many of them are even smaller, less than 5 MW, minigrids. In these minigrids, coal power plants are simply not feasible. Gas turbine power plants which use LNG, are also not simple and may not even be the cheapest due to the scale and logistics.
We have used biomass energy, also known as bioenergy for thousands of years. In November 2006, hydro was the most widely used renewable energy fuel for electricity production in the United States, following that came biomass. In 2010, biomass provided about 4% of the energy used in the US.Out of this 4% of biomass energy, about 46% was from wood and wood-derived biomass, bout 43% was from biofuels, lastly, about 11% was from municipal waste. Although biomass energy is a really helpful and renewable energy, it cannot solve global warming issues because we need to burn materials in the process. Nobody really noticed things about biomass power until recently, it started to produce large amount of energy comparing to wind energy and solar energy.
Solar panels are large flat panels and made with lots of individual solar cells. They can be used to heat water for use in homes, buildings, and swimming pools or to produce electricity. In the US, solar power has increased by 41% in the past few years. It has become the second-largest energy resource in the country after natural gas. By 2013, there are 445 megawatts at 950 facilities in America.
It has 13 percent of the world’s population, but 48 percent of the share of the global population without access to electricity. This means that almost 600 million people in sub-Saharan Africa lack access to electricity. Moreover, even when there is access to electricity, there may not be enough to go around.” Adam, K, et al. (2015). Ali Mufuruki also states that Sub-Saharan Africa which has a population of about eight hundred million people, produces electricity which is four times less than that produced by France alone, which has a population of sixty-five million people.
Based on the current average ore ( 0.15 % uranium ) would represent 56 g CO2 / kWh , depending on the Storm van Leeuwen researcher 11. In total, the intrinsic carbon footprint of nuclear power is not insignificant and can even reach the third carbon due to a gas plant 12. Worse , it now tends to exploit uranium ore concentrates and included much less in hard materials that induce increasing CO2 emissions. Thus, constant nuclear generation , releases of nuclear GHG could even exceed those mid-century production with gas All these calculations are of course criticized by the nuclear industry and EDF , which appears on its balance sheets a figure much lower than 11 g CO2 / kWh , similar to wind power. But these assessments are based on electrical balance "Franco- French " while the extraction and concentration of the fuel are abroad ( Niger , Canada, Australia).
Solar power Negatives: The main disadvantage associated with solar power may be the preliminary expense of solar panels. Presently, costs associated with extremely effective solar panels could be over $1000, plus some families may require several. Solar power is just in a position to produce electrical power throughout hours of sunlight. What this means is for approximately half every day, solar power panels are not generating power for the house. The weather can impact the actual effectiveness associated with solar panels.
POSCO produces high-quality steel products at low cost using the most modern facilities and advanced technologies. POSCO’s steel products are sell at 20-40 per cent less than comparable Japanese products. POSCO has two plants, one at Kwangyang which produces a small variety of steel products in large volume, while the Pohang plant produces a wide variety of products in small volumes. POSCO exports about 30 per cent of its output, while 70 per cent goes to the large South Korean market. POSCO’s size has enabled it to make South Korea the world’s fourth largest steelmaker.
And number of universities and colleges are increased and number of students also increased but comper to other countries India has less percent in higher education. . Higher Education in India unluckily, the development reached in Higher education is disgustingly insufficient to meet the increasing need of our society. India has the benefit of including 54 % of its population below the age of 25. But this human resource stay unexploited since only 6-7 % of the Indian youth in the age group 17-23 has access to higher education, of whom again merely 10 % receives, a chance to join post-graduate classes is only 1 % can pursue for M.Phil, and Ph.D. programmers.
This constitutes 33.5% by oil, 26.8% by coal and 20.8% by gas. The renewable energy sources like hydropower, solar power, wind power, geothermal power and biofuels contributed to about 13% of the world’s energy supply and nuclear power contributed to 5.8%. The facts show that oil is the most popular energy fuel. Since their exploration, the petroleum fuels continued as a major conventional energy source. On the other hand, they are limited in reserves and highly concentrated in certain parts of the globe.
Botswana’s limited energy resources negate the overall goal of NEP of being economic, social, efficiency and environmental sustainable. In 2005, primary energy supply contribution were at; 34% petroleum, 29% coal, 28% wood and 9% electricity (Ministry of Minerals, Energy and Water Resources-Energy Affairs Division, 2009). Botswana is highly dependent on imports to meet its energy demand mostly South Africa; with the national electrical energy demand of 500Mega Watts, Botswana import approximately 80% from Southern African Power Pool (SAPP) (Ministry of Minerals, Energy and Water Resources-Energy Affairs Division, 2009). Limited regional supply, internal storage and sparse population distribution in rural areas pose challenges for petroleum products which are 100% imported. Botswana has to import all its petroleum fuels in a refined form through South Africa and these limited supply routes have lead to bottlenecks in fuel supply (Ministry of Minerals, Energy and Water Resources-Energy Affairs Division, 2009).