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Hypercalcemia Case Study

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Clinical Case Study
A Patient with Persistent Lactation and Recurrent Hypercalcemia
Ryan Alberth Kintana
National University
CLS301 Clinical Biochemistry

Background
An overweight adolescent patient with constant bilateral lactation, diagnose with Hyperprolactinemia resulting elevated serum prolactin.
Methods
Patients go through a surgery performed through the nose and sphenoid sinus to extract the pituitary tumors. Then later develop a condition of absent production of the anterior pituitary hormones, with lack of vasopressin causing excessive production of very dilute urine, commonly result problems that influence the pituitary gland either decrease or remove its function or interfere with hypothalamic discharge of the varying pituitary-releasing …show more content…

Body has four parathyroid glands situated in the neck controlling the body's calcium levels. The parathyroids discharge it into the bloodstream a substance called parathyroid hormone by which it preserve the normal delivery of calcium in the blood, bones, and urine. In the symptoms stated above the parathyroid glands be likely to be overactive resulting to hyperparathyroidism. Parathyroid glands are associated forming tumors that release PTH primarily to excess calcium in the blood. Hypercalcemia result to High blood that can exist for many years. Hypercalcemia cause excessive calcium to discharge into the urine resulting to after effect of kidney stones or kidney damage as well with bones to lose calcium. Disorder can frequently be noticed during adolescence period. Hyperparathyroidism could cause no problems or un notice for many years, or possibly it may cause weakness, bone pain, indigestion, kidney stones, or thinning of bones. Based on the study the usual treatment is an operation to remove most or all of the parathyroid glands, to remove the three largest glands and all but a small part of the fourth, a further is to remove all glands and at the same time transplant a small part of one gland into the forearm similarly on the parathyroidectomy with left forearm autograft and total thyroidectomy. By maintaining a fraction of one gland, the parathyroid transplant carry on to discharge PTH …show more content…

Excessive prolactin levels result to excessive production of breast milk or obstruct with fertility.
Should treatment is required medication as a dopamine agonist can efficiently contract the tumor and lower the production of prolactin. Infrequently, prolactinomas do not react well to the medication in such cases, possible surgery, exposing radiation, or both may be required.

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