Impact Of Human Development
Introduction:-
Development described as a social condition within a nation in which the reliable needs of its population are satisfied by the rational and sustainable use of natural resources and systems. Meanwhile, Human development defined “as the process of enlarging people’s freedoms and opportunities and improving their well-being. Human development is about the real freedom ordinary people have to decide who to be, what to do, and how to live” . Economic growth is basically defined as an increase of wealth of a nation over time.
Although, economic growth and development are closely intertwined, the economic growth is but a step in the direction towards development – one of prime significance, indeed a precondition to it, but by no means
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The improvement can be shown by the increases in the access to health and education services, compared to the pre-1949 period, before the founding of the People Republic of China (PRC). In 1949, China was among the poorest nations in the world and had very high levels of mortality, undernutrition and illiteracy. “Life expectancy at birth was only 35 years and the infant mortality rate was 200 per 1000 live births. Since 1949, an outstanding development had appeared. The life expectancy at birth from 1950 to 1980 increases sharply. Life expectancy at birth was 40 years in the early 1950swhile it was 64 years in 1974, 65 years in 1975” .
The basic needs of most of the Chinese people were fairly well satisfied prior to 1979 despite the fact that there had been relatively little increase in food availability per capita . The Chinese government increased the delivery of several basic supplies and services to the poor such as main foods, health care, primary education, etc. in both rural areas and urban areas, or directly provided subsidies or relief funds to the poor, laid-off, retired, elderly and
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Economic growth is the main and one of the drivers towards the human development, but for any notion to reach human development it must be developed economically, socially. Chinese people’s economic choices were increased since 1979, but the development of other elements of human development such as health care and basic education were not growing, moreover there were no equal opportunities, which supports the argument that economic growth a necessary but insufficient condition for human development.
The performance of human development in China can be explained by the change from highly centralized institutions to decentralize institutions even the government is unable to provide the basic needs due to its weakness of resources and the lack of commitment and
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