ABSTRACT This paper seeks to review the impact and practice of humanistic theory. It also looks at three of the foundation theorists and their theories and how it influences personality. How it influenced the image of self and finally, the strengths and limitation of this theory. Introduction “Personality refers to individual differences in characteristic patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving. The study of personality focuses on two broad areas: Understanding individual differences, in particular, personality characteristics such as sociability or irritability. The other is understanding how the various parts of a person come together as a whole (Personality APA, 2015).” As a result of having a sound understanding and definition of what personality is, I can now objectively examine my life and make a determination about my personality, how it was formed and what contributed to its formation. There are many theorists and many perspectives written about personality. Perspectives such as trait theory, psychodynamic theory, behaviourist theory, cognitive theory and humanistic theory all have very valid views on what is personality and how it is formed. The humanistic theory of personality which was established as an answer to the prevailing psychoanalysis and behaviourism schools of thought, was felt to be very pessimistic. “Persons like Gordon Allport, Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers, Rollo May and George Kelly were all part of the American Association of
The person under scrutiny in the current analysis can be referred to as P. He possessed several intriguing characteristics which raised legitimate questions on the influence of human agency in the construction of individual personality. P was a male in his early twenties. He was described by his close friends as being an agreeable, optimistic, honest and trustworthy individual. P enjoyed physical activities for instance jogging and playing basketball. Additionally, he devoted his spare time into volunteering in food shelters to help homeless individuals.
Individuals across the world use various types of personality tests to assess their levels of expertise based on several subjects of interest. The online site, The Human Metrics Jung Typology Test, has created personality test in which one is able to determine a potential career based on several multiple choice questionnaires about their personalities. The test concludes by providing four letters which symbolizes a personality trait and a suitable career for the individual. The humanistic theory of personality developed by Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers can interconnect to the career personality test. This theory stems on the idea of self-actualization and the need to achieve one’s full potential in life after receiving their basic needs.
Every individual goes through different experiences that mold them into who they are. The combination of their genetic makeup, the environment in which an individual is exposed to, peers, culture, and many other factors determine who they are as an individual (Twenge & Campbell, 2016). This is also what is considered to be an individual’s personality. It is the greatest influence on how an individual will react in any given situation; not everyone will react the same in any situation. Personality is the recurring patterns of thoughts, behaviors, and feelings that can be seen across all situations and time (Twenge & Campbell, 2016, p. 6).
Personality theories are important in understanding human behavior. Personality is defined as, “the unique way in which each individual thinks, acts, and feels throughout life” (Ciccarelli & White, 2015, p.502). I will describe the following three theories: Big Trait theory, Social Cognitive Theory, and Erickson’s Psychosocial Development Theory. Each theory describes a different perspective (traits, behaviorist, and psychoanalytical). I will define each theory, explain the assumptions on which the theory is based, strength and weaknesses, and state how each personality theory applies to me.
Over the years, many theories have been developed to study the human personality. Some of the notable theories are psychoanalytic theory, trait theory, humanistic theory and behavioural theory. In this assignment, we have chosen to compare and contrast the psychoanalytic and humanistic theories. Psychoanalytic Theory
This school of thought's concept is the human beings are not same as other species and human beings can possess different capacities that cannot be achieved by the animals. Therefore, humanism focuses on the study of human interest and needs. Humanism is a concept of self-actualization. Humanist thought might a chance to be followed over of the period from claiming Siddartha Gautama Buddha (563-483 b.c.) clinched alongside ancient administration India, What's more Confucius (551-479 b.c.) in old China, In spite of those haul "humanism" may be All the more broadly connected with Western logic. For ancient administration Greece, Thales, who is credited for making those saying "Know thyself" in the 6th century b.c., may be at times acknowledged
Where both behaviorism and psychoanalysis would be noticed as dehumanizing according to human psychologists. In fact, Humanistic psychology expanded its influence all throughout the time period of the 1970’s and 1980’s, where it contribute three major areas of impact that were emphasized as: The offering of a new set of values for approaching an understanding of human nature and the human condition, an offering of expanded methods of inquiry in the study of human behavior, and the offering of a broader range of more effective methods in the professional practice of psychotherapy. In conclusion, the contribution Humanism played towards the psychological field was primarily the focus study of a whole person that looked at human
Personality is the way one behaves, thinks and feels. Theorists are interested to learn what shapes personality, what causes one to behave, think and feel the way one does. Different theorists have different beliefs in what causes these individual differences. These individual differences can be split into two categories, nature and nurture. Nature would be environment while nature would be the brain and the genes, also known as genotype.
Humanistic psychology views humans as holistic individuals capable of determining their own behaviors and goals. Four fundamental Assumptions: 1. All humans have free will and not all behavior is determined by unconscious forces or stimulus response. They can make conscious choices and decisions. They can change their action and environment for their own personal improvement.
Personality is one of the main areas of psychology research. Over the years, researchers developed theories trying to explain how people are different and similar. Personality traits were grouped together to be determinants of more general traits such as Extraversion, Agreeableness or Neuroticism. The traits were tested for various correlations. All this to better understand why people behave the way they do and how big impact does the personality have on behaviour.
In general, personality can be defined as the enduring, inner characteristics of individuals that contribute to consistency in people’s behaviors. Personalities are within individuals, which can help them to distinguish themselves from other individuals and make them unique as to attributes of functioning that are common to all humans, such as extravert, shy, aggressive, lazy and etc. (Robbins and Judge, 2007) On the other hand, sojourner adjustment is interpreted in terms of the removal of positive reinforcements and the presentation of aversive stimuli.
Introduction The personality perspective has been described by many theorists in order to explain behaviors behind a functioning person. There has been legendary theorists’ underlying this perspective, with different views and observations of understanding personalities exceptionally well. Regardless of lack of prominence in some approaches, their terminology and ideas still influence psychology today (Meyer, 2008). Only the two theories of Carl Rogers and Victor Frankl have been applied in the case study of Thapelo and Lerato.
Personality is defined as the combination of characteristics or qualities that form an individual 's unique character. Personality theory is the approaches to understanding the “What”, “How” and “When” of characteristics and features that make up an individual 's personality. An insight into personality is important to understand the function of a person’s mind. By doing this you would be able to understand and observe your own psyche from an outside perspective, interact with others better and understand why they do what they do or predict how someone may react to something. My personality can be describe as Introverted since I am reserved, practical and quiet.
With the aid of the two counseling theories, Roger’s personality theory and Adlerian personality theory, I managed to make a personal self-reflection on my values, attitudes, beliefs and how became who am I today. I certainly have an affinity for humanistic approach because it emphasized that every person has their own unique way to perceive and make sense of world. It also focused more understanding people’s subjectivity. The theory under humanistic approach that helped to reflect and gain insight about myself is Carl Roger’s personality theory. The reason I chose this theory because I feel it holds true to my personality development compared and I like his concept and emphasis on the importance of the self-actualizing tendency in shaping human personalities.
The first component stated that the personality reflects individual differences. Every individual have its own characteristics. Second component is a statement that personality is consistent and enduring, and the last component claimed that personality can change. There are many factors can influence the personality development which are heredity, parental characteristic, person’s cohort, birth order, normative age-graded influences, normative history-graded influences, non-normative life events, culture, and normative socio cultural-graded influences.