Essay On Mining Mitigation
Various mining activities like drilling, blasting, extraction, transportation, crushing damage the environment and ecology, unless carefully planned and controlled. The various impacts of mining on environment and their mitigation measures are mentioned below:
(I) Effect of Mining on Air Quality
Air pollution results due to the emissions of particulate matter and gases including SO2, CH4, NOX and CO. Dust is produced in most of the mining operations. The remissions contribute towards global warming .Dust at uncontrolled level leads to poor visibility, breakdown of equipment, increased maintenance cost, polluting nearby surface waters and stunt crop growth. The coal industry at present faces the following challenges – ground level ozone , issues which can be
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Opencast mining results in large-scale land disturbance whereas underground mining causes enough damage through subsidence. The surface subsidence inflicts severe damages to engineering structures such as bridges , drainage , buildings and highways, besides interfering with ground water regime.
(V) Impact of Noise and Vibrations from Mining
A cumulative effect of all mining activities produces enormous noise and vibrations in the mining area, which constitutes a source of disturbance. The consequence of noise pollution in and around the mining area leads to noise-induced hearing loss which influences work performance and makes communications uneasy. Besides, the forest fauna the surrounding areas to the mines/industrial complexes are also affected by noise .
MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
Coal India Limited implemented the Environmental and Social Mitigation Project (ESMP) in 25 selected opencast mines with World Bank funding during 1996 to 2002. ESMP consisted of two
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