GREEN PROCUREMENT OF FUEL
INTRODUCTION
Mining is the process of extraction of valuable materials or geological materials from the deposits which are also called as reserves from the earth’s surface. Through mining we usually get metals, coal, oil shale, limestone, potash, gravel etc. in addition to that we also have the extraction of crude oil, natural gas and so on. In short we have the extraction of all states of fuel solid, liquid and gas.
Whatever the fuel type maybe, mining of these fuels will ultimately have a negative impact on the environment during the mining activity and as well as the after the mine has been closed.
In order to prevent or at the most reduce the environmental impact of mining, we have to either stop mining or find out better ways to mine. Now the former as we know it is close to impossible and because of that we have to start to find out better ways to mine. But before we find out better ways to mine, we have to find out to what extent the mining operations are affecting the environment.
This report will take into consideration the various places in coal mines which are the cause of pollution and because each mine is a unique kind of its own, this report will give generalized formulas to find out how much pollutant are being released in to the environment.
OPEN CAST MINES
Open cast mines are the type of mines where excavations or cuts are made on the earth’s surface and which are open to the atmosphere throughout the mines operating life. This
As an extremely massive and busy mine, Kalgoorlie also produces noisy and boisterous sounds that cause noise pollution within the residents living nearby. Also, gold ores require sulphur that causes contamination of groundwater and the environment to drive themselves. The levels of greenhouse gases such as sulphur used at the Kalgoorlie mine have been reported by KCGM Performance Review Report ( 2015) to be constantly increasing. These increasing toxins harm the biodiversity which is present around the mining site and pose a serious threat to
Throughout the centuries, humans have been attempting to find a way to power homes, cars, and other luxuries in the most efficient way possible. Coal and oil were two major sources that begin being exploited during the industrial revolution. Both have caused great controversy over the years from lawsuits to strikes. A new way to drill oil, hydraulic fracturing, was discovered and was an efficient means of drilling until its effects became prevalent. Also, when coal began to run out, a new method called mountaintop removal took hold, but continues to damage the earth.
The daily chances of severe injury or death were much greater than aboveground. Poisonous gases, especially methane, which was released naturally by the process of coalmining, were always present underground. A buildup of methane and carbon monoxide usually led to an explosion that killed many of the miners. Mining tunnels often collapsed, either paralyzing or crushing the workers to death. Sometimes a young miner would be crushed to the ground so severely that his body would have to be scraped from the floor of the mine with a shovel.
During this time, rises in the demand of coal-powered steam engines led to a rapid increase of coal mining (Wrigley 54). As the evolution of the market system took place, the small scale techniques that the industry had been using were not supplying a sufficient level of coal output needed to maintain the high demand in the manufacturing and transportation sectors. This deficiency prompted a transition for the coal mining industry that involved dangerous mining techniques and labor
“A painting showing an early factory plant shows that the smoke rising from the factory was black and full of coal ashes, affecting the air. Also, because the factory is next to water, it can be assumed that the factory has dumped into this water, causing it also to become polluted”(Document 3). Yes, wonderful products came from these factories; things like clothing and cars, but coal was being used to power these machines that produced. Black coal ash rose up into the sky and was being breathed in by the people and animals. Coal is not the best thing for people’s lungs.
The negative results of mining proves that it posed a threat towards Canada’s environment. The effects resulted in the Environmental Movement in Canada to target mining processes that could be harmful of the environment. Mining in Canada created an environmental challenge that Canada had to posses because of the harmful side effects produced in the process. This resulted in Canada rethinking the mining process in order to conserve the natural
During the Industrialization, factories began to appear near rivers in the middle of villages. Despite all of the output of goods, it created many problems in the villages. “…Industrial growth brought with it a host of environmental pollution problems” (Document 3). This occurred because the towers released smoke and chemicals into the air, this impacted the farming in the villages by contaminating the crops. It also caused respiratory problems to many people that lived around the factory.
Dear, I ‘m writing you to ask that you vote no on the Proposed Keystone XL Pipeline. The reason personally that I believe that you should vote no is because of the problems that will occur do to transporting oil in this way. Not only are we effected the environment in a negative way, we are also putting lives in jeopardy. The 1700 mile underground pipeline would link the tar sands fields of northern Alberta to oil refineries in Texas may sound like a great idea, let me tell you why I know that it is a bad idea.
To extract and produce the oil from the sands, carbon is released into the air 17% more than that of conventional oil. The increasing carbon emissions in the air can speed up the changing climate, and can lead to severe health risks. Pollution is a result of extracting this alternative oil, but
Fracking is one of the best ways to get natural resources. “Fracking is a process of drilling down into the earth before a high-pressure water mixture is directed at the rock to release the gas inside” (Unknown). Adversaries of fracking will say that it is dangerous, use up our water supply, and poison our water supply, but that is not totally true, fracking will bring in more money, save money, and will make the air cleaner and safer. Fracking may seem unacceptable because of what people say about it, however, when they drill deep into the facts they will see that fracking is actually very beneficial. Fracking will bring in tons of money for all of the United States.
The mine wastes were deposited along the 620 stretch of the river, leading to great loss of animal life and vegetation. The pollution is regarded as the most destructive environmental disaster. The main type of depletion at the mine is the loss of minerals and other natural resources such as vegetation. Compare and contrast the views of (a) an ecological ethic, (b) Blackstone's ethic of environmental rights, and (c) a utilitarian ethic of pollution control.
Using natural gas from fracking is a better and safer alternative than using coal because natural gas does not emit as much carbon dioxide into our atmosphere. The graphs presented on natfuel.com shows that the amount of carbon dioxide
Due to these issues, renewable resources should become our primary source of energy. First, there are many issues with the energies sources we use now, but one of the major ones is that nonrenewable resources cannot replenish fast enough to replace what is being consumed. Energies made from fossils are the most common types of nonrenewable resource. Specifically, the three main types of fossil fuels are coal, natural gas, and oil.
It is commonly known throughout human history that the energy used is burned from coal which creates biomass. During the Industrial Revolution, coal was an essential need to everyone, hence the discovery of oil as a substitute. Yet, the mass formation from the unearthing of oil causes more damage than benefits for the planet. Humanity had never seen a more compatible source in which came a higher demand for oil. As the public has urged to generate more oil, scientists theorized that fossil fuels will eventually run out, making way for a renewable energy route in the future (Mason).
2.1 INTRODUCTION Non-Renewable Resources are resources that have the potential to be used up due to consumption or overuse, they have production, development or replenishment rate that cannot match up with the depletion rate. In short these are resources that can be finished, output exceeds input, and they are infinite. Non-Renewable resources vary from non-renewable fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil, non-renewable alternative energy sources like nuclear energy and deep-earth geo-thermal energy, soil, and minerals (Botkin & Keller, 2012). These non-renewable resources range from a few years, up to thousands of years to replenish. The local as well as global challenge, is that most non-renewable resources are directly exploited by humans and their existence is widely threatened were usage