10. IAT’s (2-3 pgs.) The first Implicit Association Test that I took was the Arab-Muslim (‘Arab Muslim – Other People’ IAT). This Implicit Association Test requires the ability to differentiate names that are probable to be affiliated with Arab-Muslims versus people of other religions or nationalities. I selected the Arab-Muslim Task. In this Implicit Association Test, I was asked to classify words into groups as fast as I could. Additionally, there were a few questions about my attitudes, beliefs, and opinions, as well as some standard demographic questions. Moreover, the reason for which why I choose this IAT is because I am a Muslim female born in Iran who does not necessarily view Arab Muslims as all good people, especially if it is a male rather than a female. Therefore, I found this IAT to be interesting to me if I were to do it and see what will be the results, and if it is the same as my actual views that I hold as a person towards them. Furthermore, my IAT findings were that my data suggested that I had a moderate automatic preference for Other people over Arab Muslims. My result is described as an “automatic preference for Other people”, because I was faster at responding when Other People and Good were …show more content…
The ad starts with an all capitalized, some bold and some not sentence: “NOT ALL ESCAPES ARE CREATED EQUAL.” In my opinion this ad not only made the main points of their difference between other resorts but also by putting a really modernist fashionable resort by the pool picture to emphasize their point more. Their persuasion merely lies in the bolded letters and the picture with a short description plus an incentive to go and sleep there for 2 nights. So their incentive for your 2-night stay would be a late checkout, which is said to be at 4pm, complimentary parking, and lastly a $50 poolside dinning
Within social psychology lies the study of attitudes and stereotypes. These phenomena include a type of bias known as implicit bias; the term implicit bias describes attitudes towards people or associate stereotypes with them without conscious knowledge. We can measure this type of bias through the Implicit Association Test (IAT), Go/No Association Test (GNAT), Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure (IRAP), Evaluative Priming Task, Extrinsic Affective Simon Task (EAST). Each measure has their own strengths and weaknesses; this essay will compare the Implicit Association Test to the Go/no-go Association Test and will conclude why IAT is a greater way of measuring bias in contrast to GNAT.
African Americans in particular are victims of automatic prejudice the most. I think this was the case in Tamir’s case. As the text states, automatic, implicit prejudice can have life or death consequences in some situations (Myers, 2015, p. 249). In Payne’s study, a gun was quickly recognized and tools were mistaken for guns when associated with African American faces (Myers, 2015, p. 249).
1.) Analyze and compare some common minority group responses to prejudice and discrimination. In most cases, the common minority group responses to prejudice include avoidance, deviance, defiance, and acceptance.
The Implicit Association Test (IAT) is a test designed to detect the strength of a person’s automatic association between mental representations of concepts in memory. During the first step of IAT I saw that I was very focused on the words, but I got confused as the instructions changed each time. The first couple steps of The Implicit Association test moved very slowly and they gave me time to think back on when I should tap the letter “E” or tap the letter “I.” The beginning of this exam was confusing because first we had to memorize faces make sure we decipher between, which picture was a European American or African American. This step was confusing because The Implicit Association Test displayed the pictures in black and white for both the European American photos and the African American photos. I noticed that as I went on to the next step and I had to pick up the pace and move faster.
My results from the race implicit association test (IAT) suggested that I have moderate automatic preference for white people over black people. This came as a surprise to me. Given that I have always considered myself a strong liberal and have consistently placed equality as a top priority, the test definitely changed my perspective on how people think automatically. Compared to other people 's results, they most likely had the same realization I had. Many explicit attitudes did not correlate to the study of implicit attitudes.
Allport theorised that there were five methods in which discrimination can occur (Allport, Clark, & Pettigrew, 1979b). These include verbal discrimination, avoidance, and denial of service or withholding service, physical assault, and extermination. Gordon Allport’s, the nature of prejudice, defined the field of intergroup associations for social psychologists as the study of prejudice and its effects on group interactions. He brought the subject of ethnic stereotyping to the fore in behavioural science by treating this phenomenon as regular cognitive functioning. The cognitive approach is now the most dominant academic perspectives in research on prejudice and discrimination.
Over the past week, I was tasked to choose between one of two articles that all of the incoming freshman at Union County College in preparation for the up and coming school year. This decision will forever change the way the incoming students will do before stereotyping a certain race, religion, or sexual preference. One of the articles I had to choose from was called, “Don’t Let Stereotypes Warp Your Judgments” By Robert L. Heilbroner, while the other one was called, “Black Men and Public Space” by Brent Staples. Both articles were somewhat similar in the fact that they both talk about how the typical person, in most situations, stereotype people in a bad or even a good way. The articles also talk and teach that stereotyping is bad and
Social categorization theory developed by Turner (1978) describes the categorization of people based on salient attributes like gender, ethnicity or age, resulting in stereotyping on the basis of these differences. Social categorization theory posits that similarities and dissimilarities of demographics can lead formation of different group with resulting effects on member of in-group favorably themselves to the detriment of members of out-groups social (Turner, Brown & Tajfel, 1979). Self-categorization theory explains when individuals categorize themselves by assigning to themselves the manners, actions and other characteristics they link with association within a specific group (Schmitt, Branscombe, Silvia, Garcia, & Spears. 2016). By means of self-categorization and membership of a group, people cultivate a social identity that functions as a social-cognitive scheme (customs, standards and attitudes) for their group associated action. The tendency is for the perceiver to consider these attributes as vital to his or her own personality and thus use these attributes to label others (Hoffman Harburg, & Maier, 2014).
Discrimination in America has not only been a conflict between whites and blacks, other races and religions have struggled with unfairness. Islamophobia is another discriminative act against Islam that
The three psychological theories which are used to explain the causes of prejudice and discrimination will be evaluated and outlined in this essay. Prejudice is a negative feeling directed at members of a group just because they are part of the group. Discrimination can be seen as the behavioural expression of prejudice i.e. the behaviour or negative actions, directed at members of other group, mainly based on their sex, ethnicity, age or social class. The mass murder of Jews by the Nazi’s in the Second World War is an example of prejudice and discrimination. Prejudice comprises of affection, behaviour and cognition of an individual, whereas discrimination only involves the behaviour.
The Primary causes of prejudice are psychological as shown by emotional prejudice and demonstrated through an authoritarian personality, that may result in displaced aggression. Where Sociological prejudice can be shown by social norms. One aspect of the psychological prejudice defined in Parrillo’s essay, can be driven by emotion. Parrillo explains that emotional level of prejudice are “feelings that a minority group arouses in an individual. Although these feelings may be based on stereotypes from the cognitive level, they represent a more intense stage of personal involvement.
These stereotypes included; How every Arab is a Muslim and a terrorist which is very incorrect because only 15-20% of Muslims are Arab and I am a live example that not all Arabs are Muslim and religion does not mean that they are
The post 9/11 world we live in today is dangerous, confusing, and depressing. Everywhere you look there is a television screen bombarding you with more information than your brain can handle. This overload of news concerning worldly affairs has led to mass confusion, fear and anger. The by-product of these feelings is prejudice. In order to truly understand what “Prejudice against Muslims” means, we need to examine and understand the causes behind the negative attitude held by many against Muslims.
As described by Society: The Basics, the four theories of prejudice include: the scapegoat theory, authoritarian personality theory, culture theory, and the conflict theory. The scapegoat theory claims prejudice is rooted in the frustration from those who are disadvantaged. People use prejudice to express their anger and frustration. With the authoritarian personality theory, it is theorized that being prejudice is a part of individual personality traits. This is theorized due to research that demonstrates if a person is prejudice towards one minority, they are prejudice to all minorities.
In our society today and even in the past, there has always been a tendency to associate certain qualities and behaviors with a particular race or ethnicity. In addition, many times these associations