Chapter 9
Business Ethics and Social Responsibility
9.1 Introduction
The ethics are a set of moral rules that have the function of regulating the relations or the conduct of men in a given context or scope. Note that ethics is precisely that part of philosophy that just deals with the morality of the acts of human beings and therefore according to a moral standard established and agreed enables us to determine the actions as good or as bad.
Meanwhile, business ethics is a branch within the ethics that special care and exclusive manner of moral questions that arise or are raised at the request of the business world, companies.
They are so many and varied issues regarding this discipline, among which are the following: the inherent business moral
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Because when company directors observe attitudes and behaviours that are ethically consistent infect and motivate its employees to act in the same way. You putting it in simpler terms, when practiced from above by example, they absorb the lower strata that ideal and respond in the same direction.
Then, as in any endeavour raw respect for ethical values it is almost a sine quean anyone proceed in order to corrupt the meantime those organizations in which the economic benefits are the only ones in charge, there they will tend to forget the respect for moral principles. However, when the economic issue is dominating an additional problem that is the staff suffers a kind of contradiction between the moral principle that follows and pressure to achieve the economic goals that are sent from the address adds.
If the aim is to have a lasting, solid company that arouses confidence is essential to assign him time and space to the cultivation of moral values
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In developed countries, there is legislation detailed, civil, criminal, labour, administrative, commercial, which specifies that responsibilities have individuals and corporations. In developed countries, there are also sufficiently reliable court systems seeking to impose legal responsibilities when necessary. What is new is the social conscience that this corporate responsibility there is, and that should be effective even when the law fails to impose it. For example, when concerning acts performed outside the borders of the country of nationality of the Corporation, when no law protects the affected property or when the procedure of judicial service is so slow it is useless. In these cases, and many bulls, external and internal agents pressure directly to the Organization, to the extent that can be so that they take responsibility for their actions, to the margin of whether they have or not a legal obligation to do so. These pressures, which in any way imply recognition of the impotence of the State against the organizations, can lead, when they accumulate, which we can call moral bankruptcy of these same organizations. At one point, an organization that has neglected their responsibilities can be found before a bankruptcy of this kind, which leads to an accounting bankruptcy and ending by eroding the confidence of consumers, Governments, and financial markets. Organizations with a strong ethical
Ethical issues should be seen in the organization and they must bring a change when they have discovered that it is not moving as per the rules of the ethical standards, so that the employees have a chance to present their views to solve the issue collectively with their own views and ideas. Independent social auditing which is conducted by an external party regularly or without prior announcement should have been a boon in the case of Lehman Brothers. The audit result which was taken by the external auditors must be exposed to the public square, for further scrutiny so that the public can come to know the performance of the whole organisation without any doubts. This would have showed the effort lessens the opportunity for retaliation from those being audited which was the company’s own board where they manipulated according to their own wants and desires which in the end resulted in the decline of the one of the top listed company in wall street ‘Lehman
By saving time and mental energy, the company makes quick decision about problem as they arose. The company is not put any red flag because they think it fit for a “normal” accident and they did not recall. Therefore, the company is not giving the right information and even the company ignored information that not fit the pattern. 8. Corporate culture—corporate culture can affect ethical awareness and
1. Introduction – ethics – what are they? Ethics (or moral philosophy) is the kind of philosophy that define concept of right or wrong conduct. In practice, ethics try to resolve questions of human morality, by explaining concepts of good and evil. Ethics, culture, morals – are bind together, they are embedded.
He mentioned that just individuals have responsibility and a corporation is an artificial person and so it has artificial responsibilities, however the similar situation cannot be obtained for whole business. He says that, firstly, we should ask what it refers for whom to examine the doctrine of social responsibility of business. He believes that a corporate executive is an employee of the business in a private property sys¬tem and his employers are his re¬sponsibility and says “That responsi¬bility is to conduct the business in accordance with their desires, which generally will be to make as much money as possible while con¬forming to the basic rules of the society, both those embodied in law and those embodied in ethical custom.” The primary responsibility of corporate executive is as an agent for owners of corporation or individuals who constitute charity
It is the firm’s obligation to evaluate in its decision-making processes the effects of its decisions on the external social system in a manner that will accomplish social benefits along with the traditional economic gains, which the firm seeks. It means that social responsibility begins where the law ends. A firm is not being socially responsible if it merely complies with the minimum requirements of the law, because this is what any good citizen would do.” A firm will not survive without the support of both the stakeholders and shareholders, thus the CSR proposes the indication which states that a firm can never exist In a vacuum (Khalidah et. al.).
Ethical Dilemmas in the Workplace Business ethics issues are evolving. New issues come up and organizations must give guidance to employees about those issues. Ethics starts where the law and regulations end, so individuals are confronting the situation where no regulation or law exists. Moral dilemmas happen around our daily life, in the office, community, and in our society. Within any workplace, the codes of conduct will shape the ethics of the organizations.
All other functions are underpinned by the economic role of business in society. •Legal responsibilities - Although companies have their economical fundamental role they are expected to comply with the laws and regulations of the country they operate in. The legal expectations apply to companies, as juristic entities that can act as persons, and the employees they employ regardless of their responsibility. •Ethical responsibilities - Companies are also expected to comply with the ethical norms of a society. Because these are normally not written in law and are therefore not a legal requirement it is difficult for companies to behave and follow it.
1.0 Introduction Business ethics refers to what is right and wrong, good and bad, harmful and beneficial regarding decisions and actions in organizational transactions (Weiss, 2009). So how to identify the unethical business practices? It is very easily. For example, which are company use child labor, produce tainted products, false advertising, infringement, polluted environment and etc.
Davis (as cited by Khalidah, Zulkufly, & Lau, 2014) defined Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as “… the firm’s consideration of, and response to, issues beyond the narrow economic, technical, and legal requirements of the firm. It is the firm’s obligation to evaluate in its decision-making processes the effects of its decisions on the external social system in a manner that will accomplish social benefits along with the traditional economic gains, which the firm seeks. It means that social responsibility begins where the law ends. A firm is not being socially responsible if it merely complies with the minimum requirements of the law, because this is what any good citizen would do.” A firm will not survive without the support of both the stakeholders and shareholders, thus the CSR proposes the indication which stats that a firm can never exist In a vacuum (Khalidah et.
“Ethics”, in an organizational context, comprises a set of behavioral standards, expressed as norms, principles, procedural guides, or rules of behavior, defining what is appropriate (right) and inappropriate(wrong). Grounded in a system of values and moral principles, these behavioral
This statement is supported by Bennett (2014) wherein ethics clearly defines what is the right and wrong things and shapes what kind of behavior the business should act on. For the sense of business according to Joseph (2013), ethics are constructed and decided by each business and underpins decision that an employee makes. When it comes to the business’ environment, a well-constructed ethics is a key for a considerate and responsible decision making in a business (Bennett, 2014). Business Ethics is very important inside the company, it will show the moral standards that a company or business have whether it is right or wrong and good or bad.
Ethical leadership is related to employee job satisfaction by impacting a positive influence on employee performance (Resick et al., 2011). The ethical leadership also found to increase the intrinsic motivation and job responses (Piccolo, et al., 2010). The willingness of the employee to report any concern and problem also depends on the organization culture and leadership behavior (Brown et al., 2005). It is also studied that a leader with strong ethical traits can affect positively to task significance and autonomy of the employee job (Ruiz, Ruiz & Martinez, 2011). According to them, the followers have willingly perceived the good traits of their leaders and thus good moral, values are practiced in an organization that can shape the overall
These scandals have made the morality of accountants and businesspeople. The main contributors of business ethical standards are the accountants. The accounting profession has a duty to play so as to reduce the corporate scandals. They should make sure that there is proper financial management, quality audit, ethical standards improvement and that the governance regimes are strengthened
Review of Literature Unethical behavior can tarnish a company’s image and reputation. If a company is unethical, they may have to spend additional money to improve their public image, as well as gain back as many customers as possible. The reason I have chosen to use articles that are quite a few years old and that are not so recent is because I feel that they are very good examples of what I am trying to prove in the terms of ethical behaviour within companies and these specific articles relate well to my chosen topic.
The earlier opinion stated that a business cannot be ethical, but this opinion is not used anymore in the modern business. Today business has belief that they must be responsible for social since they live and operate within a social structure. The key factors that make business ethics is important at the quarter of the 20th century are corporate social responsibility, corporate governance, and globalized economy. The culture of an organization, or else we can call it as the philosophy of an organization which is related with ethics have a great relationship with the performance of a business in long and short term. As a business is manage by human being, the people who manage a business