Categorical imperative proves itself very challenging. Now that killing is bad, is it bad to kill an enemy at war? Is it bad to kill an enemy and save the lives of even many people in the future? Categorical imperative claims to observe morality by observing
It views that there exist certain moral principles applying to all people everywhere, recognized and used in guiding people’s conduct and in judging the conduct of others. In determining the type of capital punishment to be given to a murderer, the absolutist position would be that the punishment chosen apply to all cultures and not change. Ethical pluralism is another way to apply ethics in criminal justice. It argues that in most situations there are many truths rather than a single truth. Hinman (1998) contends that ethical pluralism allows us to adopt the principles of understanding, tolerance, standing up and of fallibility in self to resolve conflicts between differing ethical
The theory states that everybody is morally obligated to act by following a set of principles and regulation regardless of the outcome. This theory was guided by an individual own sense of morality of what is right and what is wrong or in other words, its focusing on whether an action is right regardless of it consequences. Example of deontology is, shooting the intruder with intend to kill in order to protect the people we love. Even though the action is morally wrong but it Is our duty to protect our family. You do not consider what is good to society or anyone else but would rather taking action which benefits you and the people you care about.
Harris speaks about torture and how it is “acceptable “when it comes to our war on terror. Dershowitz, while saying torture isn’t acceptable, it is happening and that rules should be put in place. Both of these philosophers can relate to the position of Mill’s. Harris, for example, says torture is okay when it comes to war on terror, knowingly we may be killing thousands of innocent people. This agrees with Mill’s, “doing the bad to get the good”.
Despite the disputes and controversies its potential capacity of regulating moral conflicts in a modern world is underestimated. Society is in the position to implement this strong moral act to show that there is no way to escape the consequences of wrongful deeds. The benefits of elimination of dangerous criminal elements, deterrence, reduced incarceration, shortening of sentence expenses and the safety of the community are the result of capital punishment implementation. . Even though, changes should be introduced to the system of penalty to adjust it to the needs of each particular community, it is still one of the most effective measures of combating and prevention of the crime.
Ethical egoism is a consequential moral philosophy which dictates that the individual take care of themselves first by putting their goals and interests first and foremost. The ethical egoist is not concerned with the overall good of others, or the results of their actions, they are only concerned with what is good for themselves. I think this applying this moral theory to the above-mentioned issues makes the most sense. The actions of the ethical egoist always benefit the individual first and may have a positive, negative, or neutral impact on others. For me, this is a logical way of thinking when dealing with life and death situations, like euthanasia or abortion.
By using words and reason we treat them as another human being and with the respect humans deserve. Reason is exclusively human activity and that is why it shows respect. The next reason that Socrates uses to back up persuasion is that persuasion is holding to your promise (contract with country) and sticking to your word through persuading but still following the law. Why is it just to obey the law even if unjust? Obeying the law preserves the possibility or hope for justice.
These methods were selected as they were the right and absolute methodologies for analyzing an aspect. It aimed at minimizing the errors in the analysis and proved to be helpful and highly beneficial for collecting relevant data. The unstructured interview methodology rendered with numerous advantages and can be considered as a very useful method of analysing a subject or aspect. Observation and interview methodologies are very efficient techniques in concern to collecting data from an individual. The data collected through observation and interview methodology is quite valid and reliable (Walsh & Wigens 2003).
The right or wrong of an action is the intrinsic spirit of an action. When the principle of an action can be universalized, the action is good. So, some actions are always good or wrong, no matter what the consequences are. Examples of these principles are: always tell the truth; never kill people no matter what the situation may be. At the heart of deontological theories is the idea that individuals are of worth and must be treated accordingly.
Respecting autonomy reserves the right to act freely in her decision. My perception in this matter is that no matter what Sheila decides, her decision should be respected. The next ethical principle to support this position is the principle of double effect. The principle of double effect is used to justify a course of action that has two types of effects, one good and one bad. According to Idziak, the principle of double effect, “the act itself must be morally good or neutral, only the good consequences of the act must be intended, the good effect must not be produced by means of the evil effect, and there must be some weighty evil for permitting the evil” (p.16).