World Population Distribution

Population refers to the people living in an area, region or country. They are the policymakers, deciding what resources would be produced or consumed in a country and are responsible for developing organised societies and cultures.
Distribution of Population in the World

The world population is not evenly distributed. Some countries of the world like China are densely populated, while countries like Vatican City have a sparse population. The United Nations has estimated the world population to be around 7.49 billion as of March 2017. It has also projected the population to grow to 11.2 billion by 2100.

It is estimated that 10% of the land area on Earth is occupied by 90% of the world population. The most-populated region is Asia, which

km or miles.

Population density = Population/Area

According to Census 2011, the population density of India has increased to 382 per square kilometre from 324 in 2001.
Uttar Pradesh is the most populated state with a density of 828 per sq. km. It accounts for almost 16% of the country's population. On the other hand, the density of Arunachal Pradesh is just 17 per sq. km and that of Andaman and Nicobar Islands is 46 per sq. km. Some of the other densely populated states are Bihar, Maharashtra, West Bengal, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Gujarat and Rajasthan.
The population of Uttar Pradesh is almost same as that of Brazil.

The distribution and density of population is influenced by a number of physical, economic and social factors. All these factors work in combination to affect the population of a place. Hence, it is difficult to isolate the effect of any one factor on the distribution of population.

Physical Factors

A number of factors like climate, soil fertility, and altitude affect the population of a

As a result, people from rural areas move to cities, which eventually leads to substantial increase in the city population.

Activity
There are six major industrial clusters in India. Two of them are mentioned in the chapter. Discuss and name the other four clusters.

Social Factors
Social and cultural factors also influence the population of a place. People tend to live in places with social and political stability and move away from places with social or political unrest. For example, the civil war in Syria has resulted in an increasing number of people migrating to neighbouring regions. Sometimes, people may move to sparsely populated areas if they receive incentives from the government for relocating.

Birth and Death Rate

The rate at which births take place in a particular population is called birth rate. It is also known as natality rate. The Crude Birth Rate (CBR) is generally expressed as the number of births taking place for every 1000 individuals in a year.

CBR = Bi/P x