Renewable Energy Sources In Turkey

1.Introduction

Since the Industrial Revolution that started in the mid-18th century, the concept of energy has become more and more important. Even though the concept of energy has always been important, with the automation of production this importance grew substantially. Ever since the Revolution, in order to produce in high volumes and in an efficient way, the concept of energy has become the key resource that is required to produce. In the mid-18th century, the Industrial Revolution began with the help of coal as its key energy resource. The usage of the coal in high amounts has continued till the end of the 20th century. Then, oil and natural gas has taken the place of the coal and the usage of energy has been increased even more.

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The use of renewable energy sources has made considerable contributions to the world economy since its awareness has increased. Before continuing with the effects of renewable energy sources on growth, we should define what the renewable energy is and what the renewable energy sources are. Renewable energy is an energy source that can be obtained from natural sources and can be fortified permanently from nature. These sources can be listed as solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, hydraulic energy, biomass energy and hydrogen

According to a study on the economic growth and renewable energy sources, the analysis on Turkey (alongside 10 other countries) has not been conclusive since the Turkish economy does not efficiently make use of the renewable energy sources. However, by the well-made investments by the state, the demand can be increased by the government (Bhattacharya, Paramati, Ozturk, & Bhattacharya, 2016).

As for Turkey’s renewable energy potential, there is a study that says Turkey could become a country which provides its energy demand 100% internally with its renewable energy sources. The study claimed that Turkey could do this with its solar energy, wind energy, and biomass potential. This study has found that Turkey has a very high solar energy potential, yet none of these renewable sources were fulfilling their potential (Global Energy Network Institute, 2011).

There also some studies say that Turkey can supply its demand in high percentages of the total consumption by renewables. Alongside with this, these studies also show that the environmental pollution is a growing problem for Turkey and by using the renewables, such as solar and wind, or hybrid of solar and wind (Dawood, 2016), Turkey can achieve sustainability in growth with its own electricity production (Toklu,