Importance Of Gene Mapping

Gene mapping can be described as the method of determining the genes and their positions on a chromosome. There are two steps in gene mapping. The first one is finding the positions of genes on chromosomes, and the second is determining the distance between these genes. The distance between two genes is given in map units, which is also called recombination units. 1 map unit is equal to 1 cM (centimorgan). But it is important to remember that centimorgan is not an actual distance, it is more like a probability.

Figure 1 Drosophila melanogaster genetic linkage map. This map shows the relative positions of some characteristics on the second Drosophila melanogaster chromosome. These map units, which are the distances between the genes,

It gives a significant piece of evidence for the chromosome theory of inheritance. There are many reasons why gene mapping is important. Firstly, it is the anatomy of human genome and it is useful in the analysis of genetic diseases. It is also useful in the development of gene therapy and it gives clinically useful information about linkage. Gene mapping is the first step of identifying a gene. It is important to understand a genome of a species. And it is the starting point of many important studies. It can be used to identify genes responsible for diseases such as heritable diseases and cancer. Additionally, it is important to identify genes responsible for traits, such as identifying the genes that cause resistance to

Both maps are based upon genetic markers and gene loci. Distances in genetic maps are based on the genetic linkage information. But, physical maps use actual physical distance and they are measured in number of base pairs. To construct maps, genetic mapping uses some genetic techniques, such as pedigree analysis and cross-breeding experiments. However, physical mapping uses molecular biology techniques.

To construct a genetic map, blood and tissue samples from family members who carry a prominent disease or trait should be collected first. After DNA isolation, it is important to compare these results and look for unique patterns. These unique patterns in the DNA are called markers or polymorphisms. To be able to use a sequence feature as a genetic marker, these features must be distinguished in the genomes of two parents. The quality of the genetic map depends on both the number of genetic markers on the map and the size of the mapping population. Larger mapping population can increase the resolution of the