Quantitative research ensures the simple division of the information in order to let the researcher plan statistically. Research findings should go through the pilot-test in order to ensure the authority and trustworthiness of collected data while conducting quantitative research (Hardy and Bryman, 2009). Cottrell and McKenzie (2011) mentioned quantitative method as a traditional research type. Qualitative Research Researchers conduct qualitative research in the view of finding answers and investigating the topic question of the research (Cottrell and Mckenzie, 2011). One of the aims of qualitative research is the construction of experimental understanding (Stake, 2010).
A research methodology addresses the subjects of research design, sources of data, technique for collecting the data, and data analysis. This study will employ interpretivism and positivism as research paradigms. This is because both qualitative and quantitative research methods were used for the interviews, questionnaires, and observation in gathering and analysing the data that were collected. According to Creswell (2014) quantitative and qualitative approaches are the two basic paradigms of research. Both these methods are essential to the research process but Connaway and Powell (2010:117) point out that they require some common and some different skills.
Qualitative research it to care for people and promote change in behaviour, it is required to understand in-depth concepts such as experience, believes, motivation and intentions. So, listening and observing may give more information instead of sending questions. It is also an approach which seeks to understand, by means of exploration, human experience, perceptions, motivations, intentions and behaviour. It is interactive, inductive, flexible, holistic and reflexive method of data collection and analysis. There are few main features of qualitative research which is exploration, inductive approach, interactive and reflective, holistic and flexible.
Qualitative research is good if researcher wants to explain based on a research which has resulted in comprehensive explanation. This research method enables you to understand the problem, cause and somehow solutions in depth. An advantage we have for qualitative research is its flexibility as its data collection technique varies and one can make the use of best with reference to research topic. For qualitative research you always get a room to play and get work done according to need so as a plus point we don’t need control group in this research. Qualitative can be done in focused area where it becomes less time taking and cost efficient.
INTRODUCTION Research Methodology has been recognised as the framework that shapes the research route as well as the outcome of a research process. It entails the methods that a research intends to explore to actualise its goals. The importance of research methodology in achieving a good and profound research is enormous. It also gives direction to the research and enables the efforts to be organised into one cohesive and conceptual unit. A good research methodology will not only ensure that the research objective is realised but will also generate fresh ideas for future studies.
For many years, quantitative methods for research have been used to test theories and hypotheses. Qualitative methods are still growing and in contrast to the quantitative methods, they provide a better understanding of meaning and experiences of participants. The emphasis is on the quality of experience, instead of causal relationships (Pietkiewicz & Smith, 2012). It is very important to follow a set of guidelines to provide the readers with adequate details of the research being performed and give an overview and understanding of the participants’ background lives. Elliott, Fischer, & Rennie (1999) constructed a set of guidelines to review qualitative research.
A method is a realistic application of preparing research. Regardless of the philosophical stance or paradigm of enquiry adopted in a research project, it is possible to use a combination of research methods when collecting data (Howell, 2013). Saunders et al., (2007) identify two main kinds of data that emerge in a research project. They are primary data gathered for the specific purpose of the project and secondary data, which are collected from other sources mainly from academic journals, articles and text books. Primary data can be collected through a number of different methods outlined below: Questionnaire: As observed by Collis and Hussey (2003), questionnaire is a record of wisely organised questions, selected after substantial testing, with an opinion to causing dependable replies from a selected sample.
Additionally, both quantitative and qualitative researchers use techniques to verify their data. Quantitative investigators incorporate numerous control procedures and random sampling techniques to maximize internal and external validity. Respectively, qualitative researchers use an array of methods for assessing the auditability or credibility of qualitative research (Tuli 2010; Lincoln & Guba 1985). Lastly, Onwuegbuzie and Leech (2005) also note how both type of inquirers attempt to explain complex relationships that exist in the social science
Quantitative Research is used to quantify the problem by way of creating numerical data or data that can be converted into useable statistics. It is used to quantify attitudes, opinions, behaviors, and other defined variables – and generalize results from a larger sample population. Quantitative Research uses measurable data to formulate facts and uncover patterns in research. Quantitative data collection methhelloys, face-to-face interviews, telephone interviews, longitudinal studies, website interceptors, online polls, and systematic observations. Objectivity is very significant in quantitative research.
Furthermore interview design, advantages of interview along with some information about the interviewees is discussed. The validity and reliability of this study is provided in the last of this chapter. 3.1 Research Approach Research is a systematic investigation that is used to find the answers for questions raised whereas methodology is a system of rules that are explicit and built upon which the research is based and against which the claims for knowledge are usually evaluated (Nachamias et al., 1996). Research is conducted based on theory which is extracted from deep