‘Constructivist’ theory of learning is considered to be the main developmental theories of learning currently working in the area of special educational needs. Constructivism is ‘child-centred development’. It is an active and building process, where learners use what they already know to learn new things, and infer new knowledge based on their interaction with new experiences outside themselves, using information and ideas from within themselves, or already obtained. In other words, knowledge is considered to be socially constructed because it is obtained in partnership between new experiences and knowledge already acquired. Constructivism is useful for understanding the way in which a child may progress educationally, which is important
Through this knowledge, the teacher can presume how children of a particular age group will act, what they are capable of doing and what they are not likely able to do. Consequently, the teacher can devise activities rather confidently by taking all these aspects into consideration. At this stage, the teacher can take advantage of the windows of opportunity for the child’s growth. In other words, the teacher benefits from the sensitive period of a child’s development to provide him with enriching activities; the best period for the child to learn and develop further. In addition, what the children learn should be relevant to their environment and life experiences.
Based in the NAEYC standers: Reggio Emilia approach supports a Child Approach in that a child’s image is viewed as having rights and not just needs, child has been viewed as beautiful, competent, powerful, curious, creative as well as full of ambitious desires and potentials, supports children’s individual differences and needs, documentation that Reggio teachers collect about their students, and mix of long- and short term projects which provide students with a deeper understanding of the subject matter. While in Montessori standers include mission and vision: The school’s vision is consistent with the Montessori philosophy of facilitating the student’s development of full potential, governance, leadership, and continuous, improvement:
In addition, the role of a teacher is to reach the heart and mind of the children, expand their intellect and knowledge. Build a holistic individual who can face the unknown future ahead of them. Assessment is something we can't ignore. As mentioned above using effective teaching method we can assess students. In other words, formative assessment is used to assess students learning.
SELF ASSESSMENT AUDIT Brown and Glasner (2003, p. 1-12) discuss the fact that assessment methods and requirements probably influence how and what students learn more than any other single factor. They state that through building up evaluative skills and self-assessing, students can become more effective learners. They further insist that: "Self assessment is inevitable when students are reviewing their own development and performance, when there is a reflective component, when critical incident accounts are used, and anywhere where progression and added value are discussed." An important, and essential, area of the self-assessment process is personal and professional skills. Opportunities to learn and develop are everywhere; so how can we tell if we are gaining knowledge, skills and abilities from what we are seeing, hearing and experiencing?
Methodologies Multiple Intelligene Multiple Intelligence theory suggest that a wide variety of music, co-operate learning, art activities, role play, multimedia, field trips and inner reflection need to be presented by the teacher in the lessons so that opportunities are created for all young learners to acquire language harmoniously using their unique minds through feeling, imagination, body and positive expectations. “We do not see in our descriptions [of classroom activity] … much opportunity for students to become engaged with knowledge so as to employ their full range of intellectual abilities. And one wonders about the meaningfulness of whatever is acquired by students who sit listening or performing relatively repetitive exercises,
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY THROUGH ROLE PLAY Dita Nanda Rosevella 122084247 ABSTRACT This paper describes one of CLT (Communicative Language Teaching) method activities, it is role play. These days, most of students are passive in the class because they are afraid to express their feelings or thoughts. Teachers can apply role play activity which can help arouse students’ speaking ability. In addition, role play has been known as one of learning tools which is flexible to be applied because the students can do it inside or outside the classroom. Besides, the students would not feel bored because the activity is interesting and makes the situation more live.
tu dodat da ćemo se bavit samo educational psychology I samoregulacijom učenja, ne poučavanja Moreover, modern education supports self-regulated learning, firstly, due to the fact that the learner is put in the center of the learning process, and secondly, because the learner is able to acquire autonomy and confidence in learning. It is highly recommended for teachers to encourage self-regulated learning in classrooms and to provide a welcoming environment for learners to explore their learning skills and strategies (Zimmerman, 1986; Schunk, 2005; Sorić, 2014; Abdulhay, 2015). Furthermore, contemporary research has revealed that self-regulation is not only a very important aspect of learning but also a key to academic success (Zimmerman, 2008). Strong development of self-regulation does start in school, however, it is not only restricted to the classroom. Self-regulated learning is perceived as a relevant tool not only for academic purposes, but also for any other upcoming life situation where one needs to adapt and manage on
Curriculum Planning should be comprehensive and inclusive, focusing on four developmental domains which includes Cognitive growth (language and literacy, math concepts & science); Physical; Social and emotional; and Aesthetic development. It is vital to have a meaningful curriculum which is based on children’s interest. The rational for choosing this topic is because I strongly believe that a child centered curriculum fosters diversification, flexibility and is coherent across levels enabling children to embrace learning. Family involvement must be promoted and encouraged, with respect and appreciation for the value of the home culture. This enhances children’s self-esteem and enables a child to see and explore who they are within the context
This kind of learning promotes independence within the learner and helps in developing creativity. Therefore, I make sure that I revisit topics to enhance my learner’s knowledge. As Bruner [Ref.2] rightly said that learners use prior experience to fit new information into pre-existing models. Motivation is a very important factor in learning. Learners need to understand the reasons or areas where they can use knowledge and then only they can get themselves involved in thinking.