INTRODUCTION
Rationale
Some organizations have failed to magnify undesirable effects and disregard the importance of an internal control which maintains the quality of an enterprise’s information at a maximum level. With this understatement, cyber-attacks both from the internal and external environment becomes more successful in penetrating information systems and retained to be undetected because of the lack of control activities and lack of monitoring on implemented internal controls.
Information is an essential business resource of any enterprise which serves many purposes. Information can be used for performance evaluation, identifying threats and opportunities, it defines enterprise’s strengths and weakness, and most importantly it is
…show more content…
When internal control is weak, challenges will come to exist in the entity’s operation like the susceptibility of an entity to be penetrated by cyber-attacks. But the responsibility of formulating an effective internal control will always accrue to the organization, hacktivists will always crack whenever they want same as true to saboteurs, as long as there is an opportunity, they will grab it to gain financial and/or personal advantage. According to the Auditing and Assurance Standards Council (2007), control environment as a component of internal control plays an important role in order for an enterprise’s internal control to become effective, for it sets a tone that will stimulate its employees to behave in accordance with the ethical principles and to abide with the enterprise’s policies. With an effective control environment, the enterprise can reasonably prevent misconduct due to the exercise of unethical practices and address issues related to internal cyber-attacks or sabotage. In connection to the above issues, this technical paper shall identify the main reasons why do hacktivists has the ability to gain unauthorized access to an enterprise’s information system. This paper will also identify the real cause or where should the blame for this circumstances accrue, whether it is because of the entity and its ineffective internal control or it is in the fast development of technology and for that reason they cannot cope up with this development or the real problem is with the hacktivists and saboteurs and to the hacktivists and saboteurs alone. Also, this identifies the adequacy of the policies and provisions in order to expect a certain behavior from employees and to identify whether the problem exists on the
Because the employees ' roles were not identified appropriately, individuals were not able to have the level of access they should have. Which wasted lots of time, affected our customer services, production and several deadlines. Once accessing issue was resolved, some of the functionality were not available because of it was not requested during the configuration process. Addition financial investment was made to add the most important functions and few others were not. Two of the latest function and upgrades that we paid for that we also pay yearly licensing and update fees, we have not still utilized the functions because of the incompatibility of our server.
Such mistakes or scenarios can be stopped with proper training and education on significant threats and vulnerabilities. End users usually do not follow best practices and security guidelines. Much attention is not paid to spam emails, malwares, viruses and even phishing emails. Users need to be educated on the significance of protecting they’re data on vulnerable networks and administrators need to secure the networks with proper tools, training and
In addition to, the development of technology was one of the problems of for the workers around the company, which are everything substituted by the machines instead of
The information revolution is sweeping through our economy. No company can escape its effects. Dramatic reductions in the cost of obtaining, processing, and transmitting information are changing the way we do business. “To get ahead in today’s business world, a company must utilize the right resources. One of the most effective, of course, is information technology (IT), which has become an essential tool for businesses across many industries” (2013).
Securing the data center room from unauthorized access. Physical security to the data room can be broken down into three main parts: Mechanical, which covers, locks, access entry systems, security cameras and intrusion alarm system; Operational, which includes security staff and procedures for assigning access to the data room; Finally, natural which covers basic security philosophies including property definition and access control (Maurer, 2002). A thorough review of the physical building layout will need to be conducted to identify all possible entry points into the data room. It is recommended that security cameras with 24x7 recording be installed at all entry points to the data room. In addition, all the entry doors with access to the data room will need dual factor electronic access systems install.
Target 's negligence illustrates a greater problem in society, the increasing reliance we have on computer systems to provide for our survival and the inherent danger the insecurity and design flaws of these systems poses in not just our financial lives, but perhaps our physical lives as well. Computer systems control delivery of our electricity, water supply, and the operation of dangerous manufacturing processes, nuclear power plants, and others dangerous machinery and critical infrastructure necessary for our survival. As time goes on data breaches and security lapses will only become increasingly severe, and it will be left to the hands of the information assurance professional to gauge risk and take appropriate measures to resolve the disparate emphasis between usability and
The Information Security Manager reports in their capacity to the CEO. Company officers, executives, directors, employees, contractors and third party service providers cooperate and work with the Information Security Manager to ensure the protection of customer’s non-public information and Licensee’s Information Assets. Policies, such as Enterprise Antivirus Program, Network Access, Software Development Security Standards, Physical Security, Vendor Manangmenet Ativirus, Mobile Computing/Remote Access, Inromation Security Risk Assessment, Social Media, Data Loss Prevention, and Secuiryt Incident Response Policies have been implemented to protect customer’s non-public personal information and company Information
1. What was the need for adopting cloud? The company keeps a close eye on its trade spend, analyzing large volumes of data and running complex simulations to predict which promotional activities will be most the most effective. Kellogg had been using a traditional relational database on premises for data analysis and modeling, but by 2013, that solution was no longer keeping up with the pace of demand.
Additional, they were lack of communicate and lack of understandable roles. They were lack of control environment that they did not assign a good duty of segregate for each level. The company just focus on solving extreme high risk problem and ignored the expert advices, demonstrated by Tony Hayward. When the disaster appeared, the board is lack of oversee in operation, had a slow reaction on solving. This failure is resulted in inconsistent of organizational culture.
Table of Contents Abstract: 3 Introduction: 3 Functions of an Accounting Information System: 4 Literature Review: 4 The Role of Financial Statement in Managerial Decision Making: 6 Accounting Information System related to Decision-making process: 7 Accounting Information on Decision-making Process: 7 Conclusion: 9 References: 10 Abstract: This paper discussed the extended normative model and supported through a longitudinal study. It is exploring the roles of Accounting Information Systems in an organization facing financial stages. Many teams suffer the various crises in different types.
L.1 ATTACK TECHNIQUES This section covers the attack techniques employed by social engineers (white hats) or evil-minded persons (black hats) using social engineering techniques. Breaching the security of an organization generally starts with the bad guy obtaining seemingly a very innocent, daily and trivial information or a document, which many persons in the organization see no reasons to protect or classify. Most social engineers will welcome the information that is seemingly harmless for an organization because such information might play a crucial role in showing themselves more convincing. There are two main categories under which all social engineering attempts could be classified – computer or technology based deception, and purely
Literature about OB and the illustrations of internalist and externalist balancers present two conceptualizations of OB: as a state of balance, comprised of a certain combination of different occupations and the person seeking to attain or maintain that state or as an intermittent state within the process of balancing. On the other hand OB can be seen as an act of balancing whereby a person juggles various occupations to feel balanced. While the connections between an externalist balancer and a perception of OB as a state of balance is rather straightforward, the link between internalist orientation and perception of OB as an act of balancing needs further explanation. An internalist balancer creates an individualistic PDO that leads to an
1. What is an expectation gap and why is it a controversial issue facing the auditing Function? • Definitions of the Expectations Gap: There are many definitions of the audit expectations gap. Audit expectations gap is when external auditor’s understanding and knowing everything about their role and duties is compared against the expectations of the general public and users of financial statements.
A computer-based information system (CBIS) is an information system that uses computer technology to perform different functions. For example, the google uses internet to accomplish its task, to reach its customers. Computer Based Information System is a field of studying computers and algorithmic processes including their applications. Such a system can include personal computer and software. It aims to support operations, management, and decision making.
Accounting information system has many functions in management and the importance. The most important is with wide-spread automatization can relate to accounting work processing. Accounting software packages have many software programs for supporting book-keeping, reporting, recording economic events or processing. Accounting software packages can support the activity of the enterprise for to update and integrated information system. Besides, the definition of accounting is as a system at the micro level that have process, procedure, rule and activities of an information system that need follow by the success of the enterprise to achieve the goals.