Language teaching is determined by factors such as society, education, instruction and individuals. These factors outline the policies, and goals that have been determined for foreign languages at the national level; the delivery system in terms of objectives to reach these goals; syllabuses and teaching procedures; and the learning outcomes. These factors include the role of English in the society, therefore the need of individuals to learn English to function well academically speaking, to function well in real life situations or in occupational settings. Being aware of this need, the government needs to develop the type of curriculum and syllabus; establish the amount of time devoted to English instructions; the materials to be used; and …show more content…
The problem has been identified already for quite some time, what remains unsolved is how this can be addressed. It has been acknowledged that to achieve higher levels of language learning, we need to improve the quality of language teaching and the time devoted to English in the curricula. In terms of improving the quality of language teaching, as with any profession, constant professional development and training should be non-stop. As for extending the contact hours of English, it has been non-negotiable; more attention is paid to subject content such as math, science, social studies, literature, …show more content…
It also recommended that language skills should be taught in the content subject and not only by the English teacher. Its influence was also felt in the American education and the slogan “Every teacher, an English teacher” became familiar to every teacher.
In our personal opinion, we believe that Language across the curriculum is a great effort to raise the awareness of those involve in education of the urge of professionals that can function as content and language teachers which is the need to fully implement CLIL.
Immersion Education is a type of foreign language instruction where the regular school curriculum is taught through a foreign language. The foreign language is the vehicle for content instruction, not the subject of instruction. For example, a Spanish-speaking child might enter a primary school in which the medium of instruction for all the content subjects is English.
In our opinion, this type of program would necessarily have to start at a very early age to prepare them for content instruction in
The structure of bilingual education programs differs depending on the school, but generally, they are either transitional or maintenance. Maintenance programs provide instruction in both languages to preserve a heritage language by giving proficiency in both languages to the students. Transitional programs eventually transition from both languages to English-only instruction. If one were to enter an English+Spanish program, one would have classes in both English and Spanish, with roughly equal distribution of both. If it were a transition program, the proportion of English would increase until it was English only.
Foreign language learning in pre- and elementary schools has seen a rapid development in Europe. “This movement’s impact can be recognized in Europe’s aim of fostering a plurilingual, multicultural society throughout the continent” (Jaekel 632-2). Across Europe, foreign language education in elementary schools has become the rule rather than the exception. As a result, research into early foreign language education has been growing steadily. “Primary aims are the promotion of multilingualism and multicultural understanding as well as a response to the growing demand of fluent second language (L2) speakers for the job market” (Jaekel 632-2).
As a former English Language Learner (ELL) student, I remember my ESOL teacher using direct instructions when I first came to the U.S. through middle school and high school. The teacher used modeling freely and placing me in groups with other students that were fluent in both languages that helped with tutoring when I had a difficult time understanding the teacher. Through this process of learning I began to communicate and slowly learned the English language. As a paraprofessional at Hillsborough High School, I use similar direct instructional strategies for my ELL students because it helps me plan in advance what lesson the teacher is going to teach and it allows me to clearly present the lesson in both the English and Spanish language.
In the book Introduction To Teaching by Don Kauchak and Paul Eggen put in “For example, in 1906, San Francisco established segregated schools for Asian Americans. Instruction was in English, which resulted in problems similar to those that Native American and Hispanics encountered” ( D. Kauchak & P. Eggen). With knowing this information from the textbook the struggles for the students to understand what is being taught when it is not in
Stereotypes of English Learners A numerous population in public schools in America are English Language Learners, and the number of these students is increasing rapidly. In the article ELL Face Unique Challenges, states that “ Over the past 15 years, the number of ELL students has nearly doubled—to about 5 million. By 2015, ELL enrollment in U.S. schools will reach 10 million and, by 2025, nearly one out of every four public school students will be an English Language Learner.”
Early Childhood Education: Theoretical Perspectives Abstract Studies confirm that high-quality education early in a child’s life leads to continued success in school, at work, and results in a healthier well-rounded student who is emotionally and socially strong. In most early childhood programs and schools, technology will be part of the learning background of the future. To make sure this new technology is used effectively, we must confirm that teachers are fully trained and supported. In this paper, theoretical perspectives of child development are discussed with the basic elements of learning program.
One of the most requested college admission test are the ACT and SAT, Most 4 year universities require that before a student can be considered for admissions, he or she must submit a copy of their SAT or ACT scores. These tests are both known to be anthropologically biased in the sense that students from a low-income middle class or minority type backgrounds', with learning disabilities are rejected of retaining their diploma(s), put into remedial educational program, More likely to receive a "dumbed-founded" curriculum. With that being said, they would be tested on heavily rote drill and test practices, many will end up dropping out. But on the other side we have the upper-class White children with more income are more likely to be given
Babies develop very quickly. They can suck and breast feed and also grasp hands. Babies that are neglected later find it harder to communicate with adults and other children.​ 1 year olds can normally crawl and roll over by themselves. They also attempt to speak but are often unclear. ​ 2 year olds will try to bring words together in short phrases.
The figure 4.1, shows the results and comparison between six styles of teaching ELL students. The data information is based on standardized tests taken by the students. The result shows that ELL students exposed to the two way developmental bilingual education facilitated the student’s experience the most, making it the most efficient. A benefit of bilingual programs for ELL students is that it allows the students to maintain their culture, a huge aspect of culture is their native language. A child who moves to a new country should not feel like their native language should be forgotten, I believe students should learn about the importance and advantages that come with speaking multiple languages.
Integration meaning, not excluding English learners from English speakers. Doing so can have detrimental effects on the English learners, because when they are excluded from the regular classroom, they more often than not fall behind the standard. Thomas and Collier state that their preferred method of language education is some sort of bilingual enrichment or immersion. Immersion is when children are taught in two languages, when they begin school, 90% of instruction is in the minority language. This method proved to make the students proficient in both languages.
Pedagogical Implications There were some implications identified after the implementation of this early sequential bilingual project. Here, it is portrayed how the different factors evidenced in these implications impacted the three to five-year-old English lessons. To begin with, during this implementation, the participation of the early childhood in-service teachers
The ability to develop foreign language become reduces. Besides the age factor Experience and school environment as well as the teaching. They play an important role in the development of language skills. So the bilingual is necessary: using
Questions of abandoning or maintaining one’s home language affects education policy in all immigrant receiving nations. Because of the consequences of colonisation, migration, nation-formation, traditions of exogamy, and modernisation, some degree of bilingualism is typical of most people in the world.” Today the most advanced nations realise that they can no longer be ignorant of the languages and cultures of other people on this planet. This is why bilingual-multicultural education was initiated. It was believed that this approach will build closer ties between the students’ community, their language background, and the educational plan of the school.
However, many kids learn to speak another language, beside English, at home from their parents. Sometimes, it is the primary language. The primary language could be learned before English. Foreign languages should be required at elementary schools because it helps the students become more culturally diverse, students get more opportunities and foreign language can helps students relate to other students better.
It is encouraged for students to learn foreign languages as it has numerous benefits. Most countries have introduced foreign language starting from the early age. Today, the high school graduates are required to study foreign language in schools as it becomes a requirement for them to graduate from certain college with minimum of two years of learning foreign languages. Hence, the students are encouraged to learn on other language. Basically, foreign language is a native to another country and it is also a language which is not spoken in the native country of the person referred to.