Importance Of Scientific Management

Task 1

1.1 Description of major schools of thought in managements and organizations theory evaluates their contributions, strengths, and weaknesses.

1) Scientific management

The scientific theory of management that workers often worked at an intentionally slow pace. There is little in the way of systematic management and workers and management were often in conflict. Scientific management is introduced in an attempts to create a mental revolution in the workplace. It can be defined as the systematic study of work methods in order to improve efficiency. Frederick W. Taylor between 1880s and 1890s with in the manufacturing industries.

(George, C. S. 1972)

a. contributions of scientific management

Parts of the contributions of the scientific

Structure sets the pace and framework for the functioning of the organization.

3.Rationality: A measure of objectivity is ensured by prescribing in advance the criteria far decision making in routine situations.

4.Democracy: Emphasis on qualifications and technical competence make the organization more democratic. Officials are guided by the prescribed rules, policies and practices rather than by patronage or other privileged treatment.

Weaknesses

Impersonality: A bureaucratic organization stresses a mechanical way of doing things. Organizational rules and regulations are given priority over an individual’s needs and emotions.

Rigidity: Rules and regulations in a bureaucracy are often rigid and inflexible. Rigid compliance with rules and regulations discourages initiative and creativity

Paperwork: Bureaucracy involves excessive paperwork as every decision must be put into writing. All documents have to be maintained in their draft and original forms. This leads to great wastage of time, stationery and space.

Empire Building: People in bureaucracy tend to use their positions and resources to perpetuate self-

1.3.1 Imagine you are working in a restaurant and you being the restaurant manager how would you use different sources of power so that the team is effective in its outcome.

I am restaurant manager and I am using sources of power so that the team is effective in its outcome and some are following:-

Legitimate power

This is the power individuals have from their role and status within an organization. Legitimate power usually involves formal authority delegated to the holder of the position.

Referent Power

Referent power comes from the ability of individuals to attract others and build their loyalty. It is based on the personality and interpersonal skills of the power holder. A person may be admired because of a specific personal trait, such as charisma or likability, and these positive feelings become the basis for interpersonal influence.

Expert Power

Expert power draws from a person 's skills and knowledge and is especially potent when an organization has a high need for them. Narrower than most sources of power, the power of an expert typically applies only in the specific area of the person 's expertise and credibility.