Site Surveying Method

PART-A

TASK 01

We know various methods for site surveying. We use more equipment to survey for land. There are,

1. Traversing

2. Triangulation

3. Trilateration

Traversing

Traversing is a one of method in field surveying. It create control webs. Traverse networks involve placing survey stations along a line or path of travel, and then using the previously surveyed points as a base for observing the next point. Traversing have to of methods. They are,

AB and BC is a traverse, because they meet in a cone. But AC is not a traverse because it does not meet in a cone.

 Open Traverse – When we do not return back to the point, then it will be

The field and laboratory investigations necessary to get this essential information is known as soil exploration. The study of complete soil investigations can be gathered below the following heads,

• Objectives or purposes

• Preliminary investigations

• Methods of site exploration

• Depth and spacing of trial pits and borings

• Choice of a method

• Recording of data

There have two basic methods of soil investigating in ground conditions.

• Trial Pitting

• Boreholes

Trial Pitting

Trial pitting can be approved out by a variation of methods from hand dug pits to machine excavated gutters. Trial pitting is generally carried out to a maximum depth of 6m with standard excavation plant and, depending on soil conditions, is generally apposite for most low rise progresses. All trial pit investigations are supervised by experienced engineers with a methodical understanding of geology and soil mechanics.

• Up to 0-2M method excavation will be by

It is applied with Brick Layers Trowel, and sets solid in a few hours.

Types of Bricks Bounds

Bonds are the horizontal patterns in which bricks are laid. There are five main types of bonds used in old buildings.

English Bond

This is the oldest brick pattern. Bricks were laid in alternate layers of headers and stretchers. A 'stretcher' is a brick laid so that its side is showing, a 'header' is a brick laid so that only its end is showing.

Flemish Bond

To escape religious persecution, the Flemings settled in England during late Tudor times. They introduced Flemish bond headers and stretchers laid alternatively in each layer of bricks. This method using for load bearing walls

Stretcher Bond (Modern)

The simplest to lay, and therefore the most common, the bricks are laid flat long side to the face of the wall.

Lintel Over Door Opening

Positioning Of Window Frame

Door Designs

Window Designs Roofs For Residential