Nano Technology Research Paper

1. Importance of Nano Science & Nano Technology In Agriculture

“Nano Technology is the art and science of manipulating matter at nano scale.”

1.1. Importance of Nano Technology:

Nanoscale science and technology, often spoken of as “nanoscience” or “nanotechnology,” are simply science and engineering carried out on the nano-meter scale, that is, 10−9 meters. Nano science is an important and emerging field in the other fields of science.

The implications of nanotechnology are wide-ranging and could include medicine, military applications, computing and astronomy. Nano technology is being used already in certain materials like self-cleaning glass, sunscreens, and even antibacterial socks. Nanotechnology has great potential, as it can enhance the

The agricultural sector will benefit greatly from nanotech-based tools to detect diseases in a rapid manner, improve the ability of plants to absorb nutrients and promote molecular treatment of diseases. Some of the important applications of agriculture are given below:

1.1.1. Nano Scale Carriers:

Nanoscale carriers can be utilized for the efficient delivery of fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, plant growth regulators, etc. The mechanisms involved in the efficient delivery, better storage and controlled release include: encapsulation and entrapment, polymers and dendrimers, surface ionic and weak bond attachments among others. These mechanisms help improve stability against degradation in the environment and ultimately reduce the amount to be applied, which reduces chemical runoff and alleviates environmental problems.

1.1.2. Nano Fertilizers:

Fertilizer play pivotal role in the agriculture production up to 35 to 40% of the productivity. To enhance nutrient use efficiency and overcome the chronic problem of eutrophication, nonfertilizer might be a best alternative. Attempts have been made to synthesize nonfertilizer to regulate the release of nutrients depending on the requirements of the crops, and it is also reported that nonfertilizer are more efficient than ordinary

Using nanomaterials and global positioning systems with satellite imaging of fields, farm managers could remotely detect crop pests or evidence of stress such as drought. Once pest or drought is detected, there would be automatic adjustment of pesticide applications or irrigation levels. Nano sensors dispersed in the field can also detect the presence of plant viruses and the level of soil nutrients. Nano encapsulated slow release fertilizers have also become a trend to save fertilizer consumption and to minimize environmental