Violence can be explained by psychological, psychiatric and neurobiological approaches. These approaches do not exclude the influence of socialization on impulse control, the appraisal of behavior and situations or the actions individuals resort to. Research into neuroplasticity, the influence of socialization on the development of the brain, epigenetics, and fluctuations in hormone levels and neurotransmitters depending on lifestyle and social environment provides growing evidence that neurobiological aspects of human behavior and other psychological processes cannot be separated from society and culture.
Are men more prone to violence?
Taking all forms of aggression into account there is no proof for a prevalence of male perpetrators. Physical
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an unemotional planned and premeditated strategy or impulsive-affective violence, that is a reaction to perceived threats, provocation or offenses. They are marked by intense emotions and impulsivity. Impulsivity describes the decreased regulation of emotions, thoughts, and behavior and entails acting without consideration of the consequences. Several neurobiological and biochemical abnormalities correlate with increased impulsivity.
There are two subtypes of impulsive-affective violence: Impulsive and affective. While impulsive acts may be directed against any person, affective deeds are carried out against a relevant other in a state of high emotional arousal and are characterized by a specific relationship between perpetrator and victim. The function of the victim and their relationship for the perpetrator is to confirm his self-concept.
Intimicides are homicides against former or current sexual partner. In rare cases, the killings occur because of severe mental illness like psychosis or in a controlled-instrumental way. The most frequent motive is a perceived injury to the perpetrator’s self-concept. So-called passion killings are intimicides in the context of romantic love and in most cases a variant of affective
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Emancipation does not decrease but increases violence against women, because men react with violence to challenges of their authority by female claims for autonomy.
Violence against women is institutionalized through family structures, social and economic arrangements and traditions so that in many cases not even women see violence against women as wrong which in term leads to impunity.
A widespread form of violence against women is domestic violence: Social, cultural and economic power differences, as well as differences in physical strength, put women at risk. Historically, religion and juridical systems contributed to domestic violence: For centuries, Catholic scholars demanded female subordination and provided theological legitimization for male violence and domination while laws throughout Europe approved of domestic violence against women.
While women are more frequently victims of severe physical violence, men get victimized in romantic relationships, too. Cultural gender norms and European laws declared violence against women the norm and rendered violence against men invisible by shaming and ridiculing male
Aggression is defined by Anderson and Bushman (2002) as ‘behaviour directed towards another individual carried out with the proximate (immediate) intent to cause harm’. Whether physical or verbal, aggressive behaviour is frowned upon and being able to understand the causes and influences can help us inform how best to prevent or manage these behaviours. Reductionist approaches take a complex human behaviour such as aggression to be reducible by breaking it down into simpler components. There are different levels of explanation that aggression can be reduced to including biological causes such as hormone levels and genetic factors, behavioural explanations such as the social learning theory and social influences such as deindividuation. This essay will discuss these approaches and examine how beneficial reductionism is in understanding aggression.
Jackson Katz’s deficient diction portrays a fallacious idea that the majority of the victims of domestic violence are women with ideas that it’s a “men’s issue, and we are at fault” and “men are broken and need to be leaders, receive leadership training, and not sensitivity training.” Multiple empirical studies conclude that ¼ of all relationships have violence, and nonreciprocal violence in a relationship was more than 70%, initiated by females, and only less than 30%, initiated by male. People say that females are more affected as the statistics show that women get the brunt of the damage, but that 's because men are usually stronger and have the ability to inflict that much damage. From this, we can assume that the stereotype that women are
Through his research, Buss found that men tend to commit more murders and are more violent than women (Buss, 16). Although men are more likely to commit a murder than women, both men and women have high rates of having homicidal thoughts about killing partners who have cheated or wronged them (Buss, 6). According to Buss, the reason men murder more is because they have more at stake than women. Buss explains that throughout evolution men have evolved to murder because of honor, status, and reproduction. Buss explains that back in tribal times, a man’s status in the tribe gave him the opportunity to reproduce.
Homicide, as a criminality, has a vast array of methods. Domestic homicide is a sub-class, yet it is one of the most customary categories of homicide throughout the world. This essay intends to find connections in relationships and homicidal tendencies in regards to both genders through specific traits adopted by biological backgrounds. Drawing from research entailing queries into why domestic homicide is the leading cause of manslaughter on a global scale. The characteristics of the basic psyche behind how these events occur can date back to the natural biological progression of the male and female predispositions.
A definition of serial homicide will be provided. The case of one of Cody Legebokoff will then be presented, outlining its key aspects. The theoretical perspectives of Psychopathy and Routine Activities Theory will
nurture argument comes up. I do not think the primary cause of violence is biological or genetic, and I believe the vast majority of males do not commit violent acts because they are capable of controlling their base instincts. Men are not violent beasts, or at the very least, most of them are not. As far as I know, nearly everyone gets violent and intrusive thoughts once in awhile, but most people can control them, they do not act upon those thoughts. This is what separates us from the psychopaths and murderers.
In the filed of biology psychology, it is said that there are 3 areas of the brain that are mainly involved in our aggression and violence behavior, which are the hypothalamus, the frontal lobes, and the limbic system. Morley and Hall(2003) have investigated o how the human genes have an influences on their criminal behavior. In their research, they have found a positive relationship between criminal behaviors and genes. Brunner et al(1993) conducted an research on a Dutch family, the result showed that some of the family members from the Dutch family with tendency of aggressive behavior turned out to have mutation occurring in their monoamine oxidase A, a type of neurochemical in the brain. Therefore, we tell say that aggressive behavior is somehow related to human brain structure.
called “Bad to the Bone: Are Humans Naturally Aggressive?” Spoke about the recent meetings being held in Portland, Oregon by the American Association of Physical Anthropologists. That meeting was held to talk about the recent study with chimpanzees and how they deal with aggression. The presenter of this meeting Michael Wilson, who teaches at the University of Minnesota talked about the data was gathered after this study. The results indicate that male chimps are more violent than female chimps.
A serial killer’s violent rage may reflect the abuse and neglect endured in childhood. Their intense hatred cultivated in the early stages of childhood now will be directed at their unsuspecting victims. In The Killers Among Us, Stephen Egger claims that many case studies of mass and serial murderers discovered a reoccurring background of ”neglect and early years spent in extreme social and psychological deprivation” (Egger 29). Continually, Egger states that the most common aspect of the serial killer’s histories was the physical abuse and violent punishments inflicted on them as a child. As a result, their subconscious stores these traumatic memories and emotions, which later has a powerful result on their behaviors and emotional life
This theory chiefly focuses on that men are aggressive and use force throughout their lives. Which came from a patriarchy social system we had in place which held men in power in every aspect of life, from women and children, political power, control of property to the moral authority. Also, some patriarchy religious ideology love to take certain biblical verses and misused them ,and take them out of context. This promotes a model of power and control of the women and children in certain relationships , which manifest into domestic abuse (Pence & Paymar, 1993).
The theory used in this journal pertains to the race, age, and gender of a serial killer; how they kill, the race, age, and gender of the victim; and how the killer lived before and during the killings. Before beginning his own study, Pakhomou (2004) found that “Serial (sexual killers are believed to be mostly white males in their twenties and thirties (at the time of the crimes) with above-average intelligence who commit intra-racial (within the same racial group) murders of strangers” (p. 220). Approximately half of them never had consensual sex with another adult, some joining the military, about half did not finish high school, and they had a history of burglary and sexual offenses prior to murders. There is no set reason or evidence that explains why people commit sexual homicide; however, there are many theories. One set factor that all researchers agree on is that “the most monstrous and most perverse sexual acts are usually committed by persons of sound mind, who are functionally rigid (in terms of a number of activities that they carry on), obsessed with fantasy and who have a determination to do what they want” (Pakhomou, 2004, p. 221).
Domestic violence is a representation of Judith Butler’s ‘Gender as a Performance’ theory because it embodies the structured power relation amongst genders and how this power influences both individuals involved. The act of domestic violence in heterosexual relationships adversely enforces the identities in which males and females categorize themselves into, based on their gender performance. Domestic violence can be defined as a series of behaviours which are used to assert control over a partner in an intimate relationship (McFeely, Lombard, Burman, Whiting, & McGowan, 2013). Domestic violence is a universally known phenomenon that impacts
In most circumstances, the person affected due to violence is aware that a violent action has been performed on them. However, there is another form of violence where the affected individual, in most cases are unaware of the violence imposed upon them. These types of violence are termed as structural violence. The
Both men and women fall victim unto sexual and emotional abuse. Girls, however, are more likely than boys to have experienced repeated severe violence. Aisha Gill, in her article Violence Against Women : Current Theory and Practice in Domestic Abuse, Sexual Violence, and Exploitation, studied the amounts and different types of abuse both men and women face in our modern society. The data showed that girls were significantly more likely than boys to experience sexual violence. Disconcertingly, 31% of girls and 16% of boys reported at least one experience of sexual violence (Gill, 109).
In this experiment gender was looked at as factor that influenced aggression. Many people tend to see men as more aggressive than women. The findings of the research found that there is no difference in aggression between males and females. However it was found that men do use more direct aggression then women but between the two genders both use indirect aggression the same as one other. Social connections is another way to look and see what type of aggression is used in day to day life.