Moreover, the cost of fencing and neighboring conflicts between landowners increases due to this problem. Furthermore, the small size and irregular shape of parcels is another dominant problem associated with land fragmentation. The use of modern machinery is difficult or may be impossible in tiny parcels and may require an excessive amount of manual work in the corners and along the boundaries (Karuozis, 1980). Specifically, irregular parcel shape prevents the proper cultivation of land, especially for some crops (e.g. vines, olives) which need to be cultivated in series.
It includes lack of assets such as property or farming equipment that can assist a person to self-sustain themselves and others. Since development starts from using what people already have to gain something they never had. Personal assets are very important to people suffering from poverty because they relies poverty. Swanepoel (2015:6) states that lack of skills makes it difficult for people to be free from poverty, because with no skills the chances of getting decent jobs that can put an end to poverty are very
Other factors that cause bonded labour are the inability to find work for livelihood, small-scale loans for the rural and urban poor, and inadequate size of the landholdings to support family, destruction of animals such as livestock, absence of rains, lack of alternatives, natural calamities like droughts and floods, drying away of wells, meagre income from forest produce as well as inflation and constant rise in prices. SOCIAL FACTORS: High expenses on occasions like marriage, death, feast, birth of a child, etc. lead to heavy debts. Caste based discrimination is also another crucial factor leading to bonded labor. Lack of concrete social welfare schemes to safeguard against hunger and illness, non-compulsory and unequal educational system, indifference and corruption among government officials and sometimes, exploitation by some persons in a village also compels people to migrate to some other place and seek not only employment on the employer’s conditions but also get protection from influential persons.
The negative impact creates even more problems in countries where land is scarce and people have little commodities to supplement their income and sources of food can become limited, with crop plantations and wild life unable to grow. Causes of Desertification Major causes of desertification are founded in the methods used by the population to cultivate land. They contribute
the farmer once caught by the money-lender can rarely come out of his clutches. There are several other reasons like 1.Poverty of the farmers: The basic cause of the rural indebtedness in India is the extreme poverty of the farmers. The farmers being poor have to borrow for various purposes. Sometimes, the crops fail because of the failure of monsoons, or because of floods etc. They have to purchase seeds, implements, cattle etc.
5.2.1 Market and producer price The findings also showed that lack of markets is one of the major drawback for production for sorghum and millets in the study area. These coarse cereal grains have limited marketing opportunities. FAO (2009) suggested that since sorghum and millets are less palatable, market availability is the only promotional way of these crops. Currently, there is no a lucrative market for sorghum and millets in the area because of many players involved. Other crops have ready market and can be easily traded and farmers get money.
As they were forced off their lands then poverty became worse. Rural areas are the most areas that experience poverty at the extreme because they dependent on agriculture for food and development there is very slow or does not even reach them at all. People leave the rural areas to live in the cities that mean people with skills decide that as there are no opportunities here and they go somewhere they can find job opportunity. Then that lives the rural areas without people who have skills. In Africa there are programs designed to assist in reducing poverty but ends up in the hands of corrupt people, the distribution of the money is unequal, the large amount of money are spend on the person in charge of the program not on the poor people.
If we fail to do farming in our land, people speak badly about us; hence, many farmers do agriculture to endure their cachet in their society.” He fraught, “In Kattupalayam, Nellore and many places in Tamilnadu where agriculture is primary in past days have already extinct due to famine of farmers.” Mostly the families working in agriculture field in villages are found to be not educated as their desire and generation occupation is to do agriculture, they are mostly not aware of the schemes that are provided to them. Even if they are aware, they are not getting it. If this continues, slowly the farmers who depend only on farming might fall to below poverty line which automatically pushes them not to depend on agriculture which might improve the deduction of agriculture land. This instantly increases the price of food
In other parts of the world, land degradation, which is caused by intense agricultural practices is preventing food security in many developing countries. There is also the matter of desertification, which is caused by grazing, logging, and exploitation of underground water that limiting many countries space to grow crops. In order to protect life on land we
They are forced to sell it in the local grain market or ‘mandi’ due to limited access to the market information as there are no or little facilities available with the farmer to know the actual price of his produce so he is forced to sell it to the local middlemen who eats up a major portion of the farmer’s income. This continues to exist because of the fact that a major proportion of our farmers are illiterate. As mentioned above also, multiple channels of distribution that eats away the pockets of both farmers and consumers, this partly happens because they get loans from these middlemen and get in a contract with them and are forced to sell their produce earlier to them at a much lower price. Most of the small farmers still depend on the local moneylenders who charge high rate of interest and this leaves the farmer in a situation of increased loans and finally in the vicious circle of poverty. There are many other problems like the lack of basic infrastructure and a large part of farmers still depending on rains for irrigation, lack of cold storage facilities and warehouses, harvest spoilage cause over 30% of farmer's produce going to