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Formation Of Pakistan Essay

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This research is divided into three main parts: the Indian and Pakistani identity formation, the role of identity in shaping states’ foreign policies, and the ontological security of India-Pakistan enduring conflict. In order to explicitly explain this framework, an analytic model should first be introduced. 5.1 Framework: 5.1.1 The content of identity This concept provided by Abdelal et al.’s analytical framework develops a way to compare different types of identities by offering a definition of collective identity as a social category. The identity formed by the relational comparison, refers to internal-external dynamic action and reaction that an identity is defined by what it is not. Additionally, content of collective identity may …show more content…

Additionally, these objects of comparison are consequential to both groups’ self-conceptions, which suggests that our anger awakened when our cherish parts was injured. For Pakistan, the two nation theory as its self-conception as an “Islam” state contrast with “Hindu” India, who involved secularism and Hindu nationalism in its self-image as a modern country. The Kashmir issue highlights this process that states seek for recognition of ideology to reinforce their own identities. For India, Kashmir is a part crucial to the legitimacy and integrity of its secularism identity. For Pakistan, incorporation with Kashmir would complete the self-conception of two nation theory. Finally, zero-sum comparisons induce competition. For secularism India, it evokes the image of nation as a family equal role with all religions playing, against Pakistan’s communalism. For Pakistan, resistance of India’s secularism image can damage its self-conception of the two nation theory, and the basic assumption that Hindu and Pakistan represent two different nations confirmed Pakistan’s national identity that it is a Muslim state and the homeland of Indian Muslims. Thus, India’s secularism could weaken Pakistan’s self-conception grew from two nation theory, and vice

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