Discrimination on housing can be a result of a complex web of discriminatory process related to other types of exclusions and close links to levels of education, incomes, health and living conditions. As it was discussed before certain policies, regulations and practices that apparently neutral can have disadvantage impacts on particular groups. Such disadvantaged impacts result in indirect discrimination meaning that the same or equal treatment for everyone leads to disparate impacts on certain groups.
Indirect discrimination is one of discrimination types that a little challenging to be recognized. It requires states to ensure that their constitutions, laws and policies do not discriminate based on both prohibited grounds and other status.
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Moreover, it states that all human rights recognized in the Constitution should be equally treated to Indonesian without any discrimination. Indonesia does not have a specific law on prohibition of discrimination; therefore, there is no clear cut what kind of differential treatment can be categorized as either direct or direct discrimination. The same goes for the Human Rights Law 39/1999 which only enumerates the principle of equality and non-discrimination. It recognizes discrimination as a differential treatment based on prohibition grounds, such as religion, race, ethnic, social and economic status, gender, language and political beliefs that influences and hindrances the enjoyment of human rights. It does not mention further other grounds, such as place of residence or disability that could possibly affecting the enjoyment of human rights. Therefore, if a differential treatment occurs and it is not based on the listed prohibited grounds it may not fall under discriminatory …show more content…
Moreover, the idea of general welfare can be traced in the Indonesian Constitution in which shown that one of the aims of the establishment of the Indonesian state is to promote the general welfare of its inhabitants in order to achieve social justice. To implement the idea of general welfare promoted by the Indonesian founding fathers, the citizen protection as a well-being is enshrined in the Constitution and Human Rights Law. These two laws protect human rights of all inhabitants under the principle of equality and non-discrimination. In this regards, the government serves to be responsible to its inhabitants in the field of poverty, social security, public participation health service, and other public
In many other part of the country the discrimination in housing continue to take effect and there were few court case Zasloff (2017) .The next audience will be landlords. Everybody at a certain point in their life was a tenant and based on the story that Matthew told us the landlords were evicting for randoms reasons. Some tenants like Larry in the book were willing to help with the maintenance of the rooms and more but are still get
According to this requirement, only decisions by the state, and not decisions by private parties or corporations, can violate a person's constitutional
In the second half of his book Evicted, Matthew Desmond continues to explore the underprivileged housing world and the social and economic strains it places on the poorest inhabitants of Milwaukee, WI. Through case studies of various families, Desmond uncovers the inherent link between victims of substance abuse, mental illness, race and ethnicity discrimination, poverty, and their subsequent housing discrimination. Although each chapter delves a little deeper into the situation of a certain individual or family, Desmond’s voice as a researcher is not present until the Epilogue.
Segregation have created separate housing complexes for Blacks and Whites. Borrowing money for houses is not allowed for Black residents. As cities and suburbs became separated by both race and class, there are more services which leads to more falling apart in several of the inner neighborhoods in the city. These new rules are included in the Housing Act of 1949. This act is created to make the public point of view about housing better.
Public housing has affected Cleveland since the 1930s beginning with the 1937 Housing Act. This act stated that “for each new public housing unit created, a unit of substandard quality must be removed.” The quality of housing would be increased, but not the quantity (1937: Housing Act (Wagner-Steagall Act), n.d.). The establishment of public housing, made specifically for those with low income, has been involved in political issues ranging from the national level to the local level. Cleveland, the city in Ohio in which public housing legislation began, has faced a number of challenges from the beginning in financial, social, and home design aspects.
Wealth is one of the factors why residential segregation is an increasing problem. Golash- Boza explains, “Residential segregation happened when different groups of people are sorted into discount neighborhoods” (271). It is because of housing segregation
For individual discrimination, it is mainly that through our personal experiences and lessons learned and received in the past, to prejudiced another person. At the same time, institutional discrimination usually produce prejudice to the most of large institutions and organizations for part of the race and ethnic. In current society, individual discrimination is often released in the color issue today; we often are isolated by our own color. Sometimes, people who the white drive in the cars are easier to get forgiveness and understanding of police officers, but for other color race, these people usually tend to be suspects by other people. On the other hand, institutional discrimination is mainly manifested in several areas: economy, education,
The Equality Act helps the NHS discriminate the inequalities within the health care profession. Training on The Equality Act is often given with the first session being very in depth and then staff should receive refresher courses every year. Throughout hospitals there should be wide variety of resources advertising The Equality Act such as posters, leaflets and TV adverts. There are 9 protected characteristics which are: • Age • Disability • Gender (male/female) • Gender reassignment • Marriage and civil partnership • Pregnancy and maternity • Race • Religion or belief • Sexual orientation Equality within the healthcare profession plays a huge importance throughout its structure, the equality act ‘simplifies, strengthens and harmonises’
There is a tendency to view the racial segregation in American housing as the result of several local, uncoordinated decisions made in the past. Typically, Americans are told that once African American families began moving into a neighborhood, their prejudiced white neighbors would panic and start fleeing. This in turn led to plummeting property values, tax revenues, and a cycle of deteriorating neighborhoods that were in sharp contrast to those occupied by white residents. All of this taken together has some truth, but it is masking a far more important factor. For most of the twentieth century, racially discriminatory policies of federal, state, and local governments dictated where white and black citizens should and could live.
In 1968, the Fair Housing Act passed which protects people from the discrimination in housing and financial transactions (Castro). For example, people need a place to live and want to be safe. Therefore, they should not be discriminated against. 11. Redlining was an illegal discriminatory practice that denied loans in areas of a racial community (“Redlining | Discrimination | Britannica.com”).
If not for the clause, anything that is not stated in the constitution, such as the examples listed before, would fall under Reserved Powers to the states and the government would not be able to take the necessary steps to accomplish their list of powers. Thus, the elasticity of the clause is ever changing and what is “necessary and proper” now may not hold true in the
The relationship between society and the law is direct, and housing in America is a conclusive example of that. As argued by both authors, once society has made up its mind about a certain group of people or place such as the ghettos, even the law can’t change those facts. It often happens that people of color and minorities get overlooked and stereotyped into something that they are not due to the hierarchical and discriminatory principles of the law. It has been engrained into society to think that minorities are poor, lazy, and overall less productive in the public
Discriminatory and Non-discriminatory practice A setting must have a code of practice and policies which make sure discrimination cannot occur and that they are not breaking the law. Nursery setting must recognise and respond to the needs of the individual who access their setting. Discrimination is behaviour or action that is motivated by unfair beliefs. This can take a range of forms and can take place for a multitude of reasons and usually occurs through lack of knowledge and an understanding of diversity, every childcare professional must be conscious of the fact that a child or young person will experience some form of discrimination against them throughout their time in school, a child may be discriminated against for any reason; because
Public Policy on Housing Discrimination Executive Summary Housing discrimination and segregation have long been present in the American society (Lamb and Wilk). The ideals of public housing and home buying have always been intertwined with the social and political transformation of America, especially in terms of segregation and inequality of capital and race (Wyly, Ponder and Nettking). Nevertheless, the recent unrest in Ferguson, Missouri and in Baltimore due to alleged police misconduct resulting to deaths of black men brought light on the impoverished conditions in urban counties in America (Lemons). This brings questions to the effectiveness of the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) in devising more fair-housing facilities (Jost).
It's better in The Bahamas" is one of the adage's we have all heard more than once. It is an opinion and is far from a righteous fact. The text "Discrimination" is the Bahamian Political Crack' was written by Fredrick Smith, published May 5th 2016. This text depicts the corruption of The Bahamas, and is based on discrimination and hate in general, discrimination and hate towards Haitians, and discrimination against women and the LGBT community in The Bahamas. Our country is plagued with an abundance of needed changes, that must be made by the people.