Material and Methods This is a qualitative study of postmenopausal infertile women experience. The phenomenological study would assess the experiences of postmenopausal infertile women, understanding their needs and improve their quality of services. Therefore, the present study was performed as phenomenology study. We have conducted 17 semi-structured individual interviews to achieve the experience of the participants. Study participants were postmenopausal infertile women with an age range from 48 to 65 years with mean age of 54.41 ± 4.34 years. Table 1 presents the demographic characteristics of study participants. Characteristics Age* 54.41 ± 4.34 Job** Housewife Tailor Marketer Retired employee Barber 12(70.6) 1(5.9) 2(11.8) 1(5.9) …show more content…
The participants met the inclusion criteria, including primary infertility and failure to conceive after at least one year of unprotected sex, identification of self as being infertile; at least one year after the start of menopause and natural menopause (without surgery or drugs or chemotherapy). In the qualitative studies, the sample size of the study is not intended. Therefore, in this study there were no restrictions on sample size and sampling was performed until data saturation. Data saturation in the process of receiving new data to the previous data replication and …show more content…
Data collection continued until saturation was reached. The interviews were transcribed into text by the interviewer shortly after it was conducted. Data analysis was carried out for the purpose of research based on the description of the participants in the study in 8 steps, including (17); 1- Prepare the data (type of interviews). 2- The meaning units (specific words, sentences or paragraphs from the speech of participants). 3- Text encoding (converting units of semantic tags, which reflect a summary of selected units). 4- Revision of the text codes (over again, comparing the similarities and differences between the codes and then integrate the same code). 5- Categories based on similarity and proportion of classes. 6- Revision class and compare this data to ensure the reliability of the code. 7- Identification of themes reflecting the
1. What demographic variables were measured at the nominal level of measurement in the Oh et al. (2014) study? Provide a rationale for your answer.
The mean CES-D score (SD) for the two groups are. M=20.8965 for the women who not employed and SD = 12.46425 for the women who not employed and M=15.8239 for the women who are employed and SD =10.13655 for the women who are employed. The Levene’s test for equality of variances level of significance is p =.000.
The situations take place in the story are evidence for the theme. First, the theme
Theme #1 evident in the text (remember, themes are written as complete thoughts) Example: War can change
These unmarried women wants to “fulfill their noble tasks of motherhood”(p132). One of the motivation is they feel a sense of loneliness because many of them experience sentiments of insufficiency and uneasiness in a society surrounded by people who are in harmonious conjugal relationships(131). Moreover, even though numbers of “women are unlikely to marry, but “would need a child to take care of them in their old age” (132). A program implemented “encourage women to adopt an intensified focus on their bodies as the locus of their ‘femaleness’”(132).
One common theme throughout the book is that, an Individual's choice has consequences. This theme is shown throughout the book from multiple devices. Imagery is a strong device used by many authors to visually describe a literary work. In the other Wes Moore, imagery
“Around the globe, managing menstruation can be a debilitating, even deadly, problem – fueled by a combination of poverty, misinformation, stigma and superstition. “ asyndeton, to specify and bring attraction to the reasons that affect this problem even more, our half-knowledge of how truly important these products are, doesn’t help the problem of women not getting these products. Weiss-Wolf gives various examples in her article, examples that everyone understands “One in ten girls in Africa misses school for the duration of her period each month.” One simple example that affects so much, this makes your values and morals to come to play.
According to Dr. Jennifer Parks in her talk “Should women use fertility preservation techniques to delay childbearing?” fertility preservation can be a really useful tool to career women who hit their thirties and still are not ready yet to start a family. Therefor, egg freezing has become an emerging solution for many career women that want to have a family later when they are older and still be biologically connected with the baby. First of all, the speaker discussed the basis of biological science about the formation of oocytes in order to address the information that women are higher risk of losing their fertility when they are older. It was stated that oocytes are at their greatest number in a female at the point of birth, and they are decreased to the half when girls hit puberty.
This theme is easily overlooked and must dug into to truly discover its
Appropriate management may be beneficial to women undergoing the menopause transition to post-menopause stage (Greenblum et al,
Hormone replacement therapy is used to relieve symptoms of menopause, to relief osteoporosis and to avoid urogenital atrophy and it can be applied by via oral, transdermal, injection, subdermal implants and vaginal preparations. The benefit of short-term HRT is the relief of symptoms, such as hot flashes, night sweats, palpitations, headaches and lower urinary tract problems, depression, sleep difficulties, mood changes and psychological symptoms, while the benefits of long-term were the prevention of osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases. The disadvantages were minor side effects, such as headaches, nausea, fluid retention, acne, condolences stomach and breast pain, and serious side effects, such as increase the risk of developing breast cancer, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, stroke, hypertension, thromboembolism and gallbladder diseases. Although hormone replacement therapy is the only treatment against the symptoms of menopause, it needs to be controlled due to the numerous disadvantages that HRT treatment could bring with short and long-term usage. In the future, it would be good to start looking for other healthier alternatives for women who do not need urgent treatment.
Hormone Replacement Treatment How Effective Is It? Nicole Cilliers 14187494 Lara Tromp Shani de Jager Joni Rice Niccy Poteiter Dunique Swanapoel DECLARATION Name Student Number: ________________________________________ Name Student Number: ________________________________________ Name Student Number: ________________________________________ Name Student Number: ________________________________________ Name Student Number: ________________________________________ Name Student Number: ________________________________________ Name Student Number: ________________________________________ Assignment Topic: ________________________________________ I declare that this assignment is my own original work.
Everyone is entitled to choose their own lifestyle, whether they want to have a child or not. Some females who seek to have children find it easy, although some are unfortunate. There are numerous of reasonings, such as being too old to be pregnant, damage to the Fallopian tube or uterus and cancer radiation or chemotherapy. As our generation goes on, many discoveries revolving biology is produced and one of it is the In Vitro Fertilization or “IVF”. It is the procedure of fertilization where they save sperm sample, take an egg from the women and physically combining it in a laboratory dish where the egg and the sperm is now called an embryo.
7 COMMON CONCEPTION MYTHS BUSTED When you tell your relatives that you are planning to start a family, you’re suddenly loaded with a ton of weird and wonderful, small-huge tips to help you conceive. This is truer in case of people residing in traditional societies. However, many of these tips and trick may fail to live up to your expectations.
INTRODUCTION “We live in a society where children are seen as price trophies, where women who are unable to give birth are seen as incomplete individuals and the social stigma attached to them is cruel and dehumanizing.” -Merci Fabros in Raposan (2002) Infertility is a life experience that is shared by many women all over the world. Society deems it as tragedy, a curse, and crisis due to its many threats and underlying consequences that affects the quality of life of women and her family (Van den Akker, 2012; Covington & Burns, 2006). In a world where seven billion people live, eight to twelve percent experience and suffer from infertility and many more are not accounted for (Kols & Nguyen, 1997).