Western Civilization: Revolution and The Enlightenment Introduction By 1700, the Western civilization had already experienced an exceptional transformation in terms of revolution and enlightenment. Most of the Western nations begun embracing freedom of the press under the influence of exiled protestants who pioneered journals and newspapers targeting absolutism. Emerging social circles encouraged the establishment of civil societies which made the quest for knowledge and political ambitions to thrive. Furthermore, they trained social criticism which shaped the discovery of revolutionary liberalism. Accordingly, new societies emerged and acted as learning institutions for new ideas and innovative practices with a common purpose. Consequently, …show more content…
She was an ambitious ruler who expanded the Russian territory and improved on her administrative potential through the policy of transitioning to Western ideas and traditions. Through her authority, Russia became powerful against European and Asian authorities. During her rule in Russia, she was keen on both domestic and foreign affairs while maintaining her dedication to Russia and the Russian Orthodox faith. She emphasized on reforms and improvement of social conditions driven by the Enlightenment course. Additionally, she resorted in advancing Russia’s Education system during her reign. Accordingly, she transformed Russia’s traditional Code of Laws and adopted “The Instruction,” which caused a stir all over Europe because of its sophisticated nature. The Instruction proposed a system providing equal protection under the law for every individual and protection of criminal activities contrary to harsh punishment for committed crimes. As a result, she continued the enlightenment reforms and further increasing central control of the Russian states. Moreover, her reign saw the emergence of Russia as a modern state both politically and …show more content…
His musical influence spread the Italian musical style which at that time dominated Europe. Moreover, his opera’s focused on social and moral issues which affected the European society and their musical authority disregarded the social class divide which was common during that period. His orchestrated musical style influenced his follower Beethoven who commercialized the opera music platform and gained success all over the divided European social class. Mozart’s influence across Europe spread through royal piano performances in addressing social and political issues, a factor that highly contributed to the modernization in Europe. Conclusion The Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment, therefore, played an important role in the political civilization of Europe by inspiring the spirit of curiosity in many fields of learning and offering an investigative approach in determining concepts and ideas. Consequently, they prompted religious sects to rethink their belief in God and how people perceived the natural world. Accordingly, the Scientific Revolution offered a fundamental basis in modern science, while the enlightenment revolutionized various aspects of the society, leadership, and reasoning in multiple
"I am the enlighten despot" , the starting of a new idea and a new ways of thinking, new method is questioning. Catherine the great, part of one of one of the most important time periods in European and Russian history, the enlightenment. A period when philosophy, science, and politics thrived. Compared to other places, Russia was behind in terms of developing the new enlightened mindsets. Such as Russia still was very medieval like they still used the old feudal system with many lords with serfs.
She herself wrote numerous works regarding comedies and fiction. She encouraged many Russians to read many works written by other philosophers. She believed that education could be used to solve the problem of backwardness and ignorance among Russians. 2. The existence of the country house serves to highlight the concern for privacy in the 18th century.
Alexander II made changes in the Russian government in order to get the country in a more stable economic situation. The negative side for those changes was that the working class were the only caught on the process. The amount of time for the peasants and high amount of money for the debt was unfair for them. The upper class were unhappy for those changes because they were greedy in the way of thinking.
Absolutism in Russia For a long time Russia was isolated from the rest of Europe. It did not experience many of the things that happened in western Europe like new technology, Renaissance, the Protestant reformation, and the spread of many ideas. Russia’s temperatures were frigid and resulted in there being no warm-water port. A warm-water port was necessary for year-round trade and growth.
It was written to educate the reader on the evils of communism and what could become of a society that adopted that form of government. The book portrayed what Russia was like and compared it to a dystopian society. Not only was she portraying Russia but she also made a strong statement to educate the reader of what could become of the individual
From fame and glory to the sad reality of a revolution. A tale which is lesser known of this ruling family. These accounts bare witness to the tragic decline of the last Tsar’s reign. Once classified information, has become translated in its entirety. A book containing personal insight on the royal family of Russia through telegrams, documents, and diary entries.
Overall, Catherine the Great was a woman of the Enlightenment who applied those ideals to her reign and was able to civilize Russia as a
Questions that this source could raise would be: • Do we know to the extent that these rules were followed? • Did women have more of an opportunity and power then what is really expressed within the document? • How much of this was written to make the Russian culture seem better organized then it was? • Was these rules broken that often if the King simply did not like his Boyard and would it be passed on to his son and rid the line of that position in general?
What do you want to be when you grow up? What are your religious views? These two questions single handedly shape the average Americans life from birth until death. Coincidentally these questions are transformed from two massive movements shaping ideologies being the Scientific Revolution of the 17th and 18th centuries, and the Industrial Revolution of the late 18th and 19th centuries. Look at our nation today you can clearly see the effects of these revolutions at the forefront of our countries development.
In analysis of Vera Figner’s Memoirs of a Revolutionist, Figner expressed a few political goals that led her to assume violence as the only answer to the economic, political, and social injustices forced upon the peasants, by the government authority and Russian traditions. All of Figner’s energy was spent in effort to achieve these goals at any cost. These goals were to use influential propaganda, to educate the peasants1, and to kill the Tsar. All of which, were used to motivate a peasant uprising, to remove2 the suppressive Tsarist regime and to give birth to democratically3 free institutions4. To justify her violent means, she used her personal belief that there were no other peaceful ways, that they had not tried, to provide liberty and justice for the peasants.5
The mystery behind Anastasia Nicholaievna Romanov’s death is summed up in two theories: The Bolsheviks Killed her and her family and her family was being executed and she escaped. To begin with, until theorist find out what happened, an execution turning into an escape, theorist are contemplation on the mystery of Anastasia Romanov. Civil war broke in Russia June 1918, and in July Anti- Bolshevik “white” Russian forces advanced on Yekaterinburg, when Nicholas, Czar leader, and his family were located (July 16 1918: Romanov Family Executed 2).
In this step, she read dozens of books about the Romanovs and the Russian Revolution written by scholars leading into the third part of her research - experts. At this point, she worked with other writers, scholars, and historians especially Dr. Mark D. Steinberg, who helped her in writing an accurate story about the Romanov
In the early twentieth century, Russia was undergoing large changes in society, government and economics, that would inevitably affect their future as a country. Before these changes could come around, there was hardships, labour, and a desperate need for a revolution. This all occurred during the rule of the Romanov family. Though the family ruled for three centuries, the last ever Tsar of Russia, Nicholas II, deeply contributed to their fall and the end of their power. With a combination of his incompetence and inexperience of being a leader, the reputation he gained amongst his subjects, his neglection towards the people of Russia and his personal beliefs, Nicholas’ presence as Tsar had great effect on the decline of the Romanov dynasty.
As we have learned from Urban and Wagoner (2014) and our in-class discussions, the Enlightenment was a movement that helped to bring the western world out of the Dark Ages and greatly influenced the people initiating change in America. During this period of time, aspects of life, science, and philosophies of all sorts, were moving towards a direction of reason, as opposed to faith. Educated men were researching, studying, and discussing with other men about their findings and ideas. People were on-fire for knowledge. They were no longer “accepting” the status quo.
The scientific revolution is defined as “the emergence of modern science during the early modern period, when developments in mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology (including human anatomy) and chemistry transformed views of society and nature.” During the scientific revolution and enlightenment many great thinkers such as Francois-Marie Arouet took a stand and said “No opinion is worth burning your neighbor for.” What he meant was that it was foolish for people to kill each other over their religion and beliefs. He himself declared that the Bible was not an embodiment of truth or fact, but an opinion. He was sick of living in a society that burned people alive for turning their backs on religion.