What is truly real? (A discussion of the three most influential texts read during the first semester of AP Literature) Almost every book or novel written can teach the reader and world something important about life. Millions of books are published every year. However, a majority of the books required by school curriculums are considered classics and seem as old as time itself. How does a book become regarded as a classic? Tales have been passed down through the centuries and have influence in the world of thought. The three most important texts read in the first semester to me were Homer’s Iliad, Plato’s Republic, and Dante’s Inferno. These three texts provide important insight into life and death, and how people should live. Homer’s Iliad is extremely …show more content…
Although Socrates talks of an ideal republic, it is merely an idea, because the world can never be perfect. Socrates outlines ways in which perfection can be almost reached in his tripartite view of society. Socrates believed that there must be a philosopher king, planned families, and women must be equal to men in education. Socrates believed that both men and women should be educated equally in order to ensure men and women could do their jobs. Socrates states, “Then if we are to use the women for the same things as the men, we must teach them the same things,”(249). Socrates comments on the idea that in an ideal state, if men and women were educated equally, the best suited person for the job would be chosen, regardless of his or her gender. Providing equal opportunities like this for both men and women help the ideal state, because the best suited person for the job would be chosen. This idea was centuries ahead of the time and was extremely controversial. Socrates’ and Plato’s ideas disrupted society and changed societal views. Socrates was later killed for being a heretic because of such
Since a novel is more enjoyable than a factual text the novel can influence the readers understanding of history. “Happy-ever-after is a fairy-tale notion, not history. I know of no woman who escaped
The Iliad by Homer The Iliad was a really good representation of the chaotic war-torn times of the area surrounding the Mediterranean Sea; this includes the countries Rome and Greece. It was a time where nations were trying to expand their power and influence and warriors were claiming their spoils of war. I mean the beginning of book I of The Iliad, Achilles and Agamemnon are arguing over the rewards and the spoils of war. Agamemnon didn’t want to give up his prize girl Chryses in order to please the God Apollo and stop the plague and the rain of arrow falling from Olympus.
(Modus Ponens) Socrates is like Jesus: both of them did not believe in gods of that time and both were just speaking to society, but in those speeches were hidden the great idea. Like Jesus, Socrates chose to die for his idea, not surrender norms of the society. Both men had their students, who recorded their words during their life or after death. (Analogy) Rejection of civic life in democratic
Through becoming a teacher of the young men who followed him in Athens, Socrates effectively began to enter the public life. He was able to influence others through sharing his conclusions of justice, self-examination, and piety, and by asking relentless questions. Socrates effectively showed that an individual can live a private and a public life, even if Socrates was not directly involved in the policy-making in Athens. An individual can combine these two aspects of life in a productive way allowing her/him to live a full existence. These individuals can become teachers, politicians, and activists who use their focus on justice and piety in their private lives to advocate and create laws that promote true justice for the rest of the
According to Socrates there are two types of justice, the political justice and the justice of a particular man. As we know, city is bigger than a man. Socrates believes that it is easier to find justice at the political level which means in the city, thus he tries to define a just city from scrap, and will see in which stage justice enters. Also, Socrates tries to find justice in the city before finding justice in the individuals because individuals are not at all self-sufficient. We humans have similar needs such as food, clothing and shelter and in order to accomplish these goals human beings form unions, where each and every individual specializes in a field.
His statement brings up controversy, making the argument fail to back up its point. Socrates argues that a just soul and a just man will live well, and an unjust one badly. This argument consists of the following: 1. The function of each thing is what it alone can do or what it does better than anything else.
He uses the example of ruling a city, where a government would change the rules and laws to best suit them, and as the rules are followed by those who act justly, the just would be acting in the favour of the stronger. Socrates objects to this and claims that humans will make mistake, as that is part of being human, and may
Philosophical thinking uses three acts of the mind: understanding, judgement, and reason. In order to have a sound argument all of the concepts must be applied. Socrates didn’t want to please the people by saying or doing what they wanted him to say or do. Socrates thought it was not important to seek wealth or fame; he was concerned with truth and virtue. He wanted to create an impact on humanity by relying on the truth and shining a light in people’s lives, even if they put him on trial.
The circumstance that Socrates should actually try to disprove should not presuppose that all members are equal. If there are established hierarchies, chains of command and systems of enforcement, injustice can arise and harmony can remain. In fact, since it would
The Greek’s Inferno: A Comparison of Greek and Catholic Underworlds For nearly 2000 years, various religions continue to perpetuate the idea of an underworld, or a place after death. For the Greeks, much of their mythology deals with Gods, Goddesses, and the afterlife. Catholics, however, base their idea of an afterlife with three levels: Heaven, Hell, and Purgatory, a place for people who must experience a purification of sorts. Numerous Greek writers wrote about the idea of their underworld, or Hades, one of the most famous being Homer, writer of The Odyssey. The Odyssey details the hero Odysseus’ journey back to his homeland of Ithaca.
The Ancient Greeks value specific qualities in a person, however they did not value other. Ancient Greeks valued these qualities based on certain achievements or on a performances in war or even inside the city walls making substantial decisions. The Iliad is an epic novel by the Greek poet Homer. The Iliad is based off of the Trojan war between the Achaeans led by King Agamemnon and the Trojans led by King Priam of Troy. This novel focuses on the actions of several characters and how the disparate gods interfered with the war to help one or the other side have a chance to win.
Literary devices are what makes up any work. Every author has to incorporate their style into their work so that they can give the reader an idea on how to feel. It is manipulation actually, they use positive and negative reinforcement in their words to affect the readers judgement. In The Inferno by Dante Alighieri uses symbolism and diction to help the reader comprehend his work.
The year is 1302, Dante Alighieri is absent from his role as one of the six supreme magistrates. Prior to that he had an extremely successful political career who had no problem exerting his power. Dante considered himself “a moderate White, he found it necessary during the two-month term to join in banishing his brother-in-law, Corso Donati, and his "first friend," Guido Cavalcanti, as ringleaders respectively of the Blacks and Whites.” Blacks and Whites were faction groups who had ongoing fights in the streets of Florence. This is an extremely admirable trait of a great ruler and/or ruler, the ability to at any moment turn on friends or family in order to uphold the city or government.
In Book IV of Plato’s Republic, Socrates and his peers come to the conclusion that a city is going to need people who have an understanding of what justice should be. Socrates at the end of Book IV can make the difference between individual, political, and social justice. He knows that individual and political justice is so much in common because they both weigh in heavy on truth, honor, and appetitive soul. That appetitive soul is an element that helps the secure the just community with love and support.
One of the topics that Socrates stresses, especially in Book V of the Republic, is this of the male and the female gender. Principally, he portrays the two sexes in relation to the responsibility of being a guardian of the city. Plato also presents the position of his teacher regarding the family structure of the guardians. Overall, Book V of the Republic is mainly focused on defining which were the relations between the two genders together with family structure of the guardians in the city, according to Socrates.