Summary Of Informal Urbanism: Nedjma

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3.3. Institutional Informality: the Lesson Learned? 3.3.1. “Nedjma” from Formal to Informal Urbanism Nedjma is an example of falling urban policies initiated by the Wilaya, an illustration of the informal urbanism produced by formal policies. Nedjma is one of the new agglomeration located in the south-East and 20 km away from Oran. The site was chosen by the Wali to start a relocation program for the population living in the informal settlements of Sanchidrian (map.9). The site location was selected based on some characteristics: its negligible value and its interactive location (Derrouiche, 2007). The project took place in 1984, as a collaborative approach between APC and a private office. The design suggested a land division, divided …show more content…

The ineffectiveness of the central planning is assumed from the previous example of the case of Nedjma. The process is explained in (fig.33). The relocation programs have been launched as an immediate response to an urgent housing need. The policy of lands division was approved as a way to provide legal tenure for the low income groups. The land was chosen based on land availability and low value lands (Messahel, 2008). The design programs have followed accordingly. The process has included the public urban planning office (URSA) who has elaborated the plans. The proposal was then submitted to the APC who gave the construction approval. In 1984 the project was implemented by the department of city planning and construction (DUC). After the implantation phase, the plots were distributed and sold to its legal tenants. No further financial support was provided, and the tenants were responsible for their own housing construction. The Wilaya was only responsible to provide public services and …show more content…

The main points are described below: • The rural-urban migration and population growth are two factors contributing to spatial city fragmentation through illegal settlements. • Lack of institutional consideration through the “laisser-faire” approach leads to settlements deterioration and self-housing initiations. • Legalization of illegal settlements through formal projects on irregular structures has led to a mixed urban configuration that incorporates legal and illegal tenancy informally constructed. This has become a common urban pattern and a natural growth in the city. • Formal housing programs seemed to be diverse but benefiting only the middle and high social classes leading to a formal form of social exclusion. • Relocation-deconstruction is the only applied policy for the informal settlements eradication. • Lack of urban assessment during the relocation process leads to informal settlements formation and creates an institutional informality. • The centralization of power in the decision making process prevents the community participation and decreases the policy

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