It’s look like the one of science process, Such measurement which needs to be reliability and generalize outcomes. I think Positivism paradigm can be applied to designs in quantitative nursing research. Because in science process of paradigm are trustworthiness. Empiricism is use for designs measurement. For example, when you develop tool for measure you need to test and retest.
Before undertaking any research, Boyle and Schmierbach (2015) suggested that a paradigm needs to be developed to ensure that the philosophical underpinnings used by the researcher are determined. When determining the paradigm, the researcher has to decide on whether to use a positivism approach or to use an anti-positivism approach. When a researcher adopts a positivism approach, the social aspect of research is assumed to have no significance on the results of the study. As such, most such studies adopt a quantitative review where the data collected does not really highlight the relationship with society. An alternative is an anti-positivism approach where the researcher recognizes the impact that social conditions and perceptions may have on the subject of research.
The positivist believe that science is only basis for real knowledge. Reason for conducting a positivism is determine laws which can be normalized in explaining the human behavior in the world. Positivist make use of observation and experiment in the study. • ONTOLOGY The Positivism research tradition adherent a realist ontology. Positivist argue human beings to discover the world which is made of quantifiable, perceptible and detectable by giving it sense and description.
This happens, usually, prior to conceiving any conceptual knowledge or relationship hypothesis. This means of research, aids in determining the best research design, data collection method and selection of subjects, all this takes place primarily to explanatory relationship posit Explanatory research is research conducted in order to elucidate the research question, and is systematically explained. This area deals with ‘how, when and why’ subdivision of a research, and is , typically, carried out by means of questionnaires, group discussions, interviews, random sampling,
Chapter 4: Research Methodology 4.1. Introduction This chapter discusses research methodology that was used to conduct study. There are elements which are employed for conducting research .According to the Crotty (1998) there are three elements which offer practical guide for conducting social research whether it is quantitative or qualitative and those are methods, methodology and theoretical perspective. 4.2. Qualitative Approach This research adopts qualitative approach.
This aspect of generalizability comes with power and influence to either sustain or change the dialog around an issue. This framework would help build a study that gains information about restorative justice in schools in a systematic way to help shape important conversation and action around this issue. However, this approach steers away from utilizing qualitative data, eliminating the human experience that can play a vital role in helping inform practice and further research in this area. Furthermore, the level of understanding is limited based on the systematic and objective measures utilized within a positivist paradigm. Through a critical examination of these paradigms, we note the kind of knowledge that could be built from our study, as well as the importance of utilizing aspects of the positivist approach to inform the other
This section discussed the methodology of this research paper which is outlined based on the standard mechanical structure for methodology. The reasoning and justification for the selection of the structure are given emphasis in this section. The researcher purposely sought that this section is logically presented to give ease on readers' in viewing the content. According to Bem (2008; 1), a methodology is vital for any institution of education because "an unreliable method produces unreliable results" which resulted in unreliable findings and its interpretations. Kothari (2004) stated that researchers also need to structure the methodology for the underlying problem as the said problem may differ from another problem.
Positivism and interpretivism are two perspectives of epistemology，first I want to talk about positivism. Positivism is a scientific way to find the truth，it means that people should use scientific study to know and explain the social world，such as observation，measurement and experimentation，only through these ways，that people can get knowledge about the society. There are five important principles in positivism，they are objectivism,empiricism，scientific method，value freedom and instrumental knowledge.As for interpretivism，it pays more attention to human behaviors and the meanings，some people think scientific method may not totally gain the knowledge about human itself，it can not help to understand the meaning of social facts，so they use interpretivism to understand the world（Fulcher，J.&Scott，J.2007），there are also five key points of interpretivism，they are subjectivism，meaning，interpretation，value freedom and
(12) 3. According to John Dudovskiy, the criticism levelled against positivism are as follows; (i) reliance on experience as a valid source of knowledge (ii) assumption that all types of processes can be perceived as a certain variation of actions of individuals or relationships between individuals and that (iii) reliance of status quo, thus resulting in research finding that lacks insight into in-depth issues
Unlike the quantitative approach, the qualitative one does not investigate through a hypothetico-deductive approach, where a hypothesis is tested. Qualitative research is more concerned in studying the processes of the experiences, rather than the outcomes (Langdridge & Hagger-Johnson, 2009). An approach to the qualitative methodology which I chose for my research is the Phenomenological one. This approach focuses on the participants understanding of their own experiences and on their own personal meaning of the world around them. Phenomenology does not give scientific facts about the world around us, but tries to explain how the world appears through the individual’s perception.