Essay On Irrigation

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2.1 Irrigation

2.1.1 What is Irrigation?

There are many definitions of irrigation but in simple words it can be technically described as an artificial or mechanical way of supplying water to land for agricultural purposes at the right time and in right amount for the proper growth of the plants in order to get the maximum yields of cultivation.
But irrigation also includes clearing away of excess water from the agricultural land.
Irrigation has been a central feature of agriculture for over 5000 years and the result of work of many cultures, and was the basis of the economy and society of numerous societies, ranging from Asia to the American Southwest.

2.1.2 Necessity of Irrigation
Irrigation has always been necessary and there are many …show more content…

There are many ways in which it can be done. Various techniques of irrigation have been developed in order to supply the entire field the uniformly with water so that each crop gets right amount of water, neither too much nor too less, just correct amount. All the techniques of irrigation differ with each other only in the way they distribute the water obtained from the source. These techniques are described below:

2.2.1 Surface irrigation:
It is also called as flood irrigation. It is the most common way of irrigating land and is being practiced by human beings from thousands years. In this irrigation system, in order to infiltrate the soil and to wet it, water moves over and across the land with the help of gravity flow.
Further it can be divided into following categories:
1. Furrow irrigation
2. Border strip irrigation
3. Basin irrigation
Due to its nature of creating a situation of flood in the cultivated land it is called flood irrigation. Surface irrigation

2.2.2 Localized Irrigation
Piped network is used in this irrigation system. With the help of this network, water is distributed under low pressure in a pre- determined pattern and applied as a small discharge to each plant or adjacent to it. There are many types of irrigation system which belong to this

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