Pre Islamic Architecture

1. History

In 630C.E, Muhammad 's army retrieved the city of Mecca from the Quraish tribe. They rebuilt Al Ka 'aba to Islam and it was completed before Muhammad 's death in 632C.E. This was among the first significant works of Islamic building design. There are couple of buildings dating from the time of Prophet Muhammad, one example is the Juatha mosque in Saudi Arabia.

In the seventh century, the religion of Islam spread all through the district. Early Muslim 's initial need was for some place to worship for example a mosque. They set up basic structures based on the model of the Prophet Muhammad 's house or adjusted existing buildings, for example, churches but for their own particular need. This basic design gave components that were

These basic components are the dome, the arch, and the vault. Before describing the different aspects of Islamic architecture, it is important to pause and ask if such a categorization is viable.

This question stems from three considerations. First is the fact that the forms and decorative practices of these buildings are largely adaptations of pre-Islamic models. Thus, it is not improper to ask if Islamic architecture should in fact be labeled Classical, Sasanian, or Hindu. If all that were being considered were forms emptied of meaning and function then the answer to this question would be a resounding yes. The second consideration derives from the fact that many of the architectural forms considered as Islamic architecture were built for secular purposes. How, then, can a religious category designate houses, inns, baths, or even cities? Are there essential qualities of these secular spaces that give them meaning as Islamic architecture? Finally, there is a question of fit. If Christians, Jews, and Hindus living within an Islamic region build similar forms then would not the designation be too narrow? In addition, conversely is the designation too broad? For how can a Malaysian congregational mosque built in the twenty-first century be placed under

Spectacular and stately edifices erected by Timur and his successors in Samarkand and Herat helped to disseminate the influence of the Ilkhanid school of art in India, thus giving rise to the celebrated Moghol school of architecture. Timuridarchitecture started with the sanctuary of Ahmed Yasawi in present-day Kazakhstan and culminated in Timur 's mausoleum Gur-e Amir in Samarkand. The style is largely derived from Persian architecture. Axial symmetry is a characteristic of all major Timurid structures, notably the Shah-e Zendah in Samarkand and the mosque of Gowhar Shad in Meshed. Double domes of various shapes abound, and the outsides are perfused with brilliant