Both empires had a great impact on the rise of Islam from the development of Islamic governing practices to the creation of a religious doctrine. The growth of Islam was influenced by the bureaucratic tradition of the Sasanians, the legacy of the Byzantine, and by the concepts of the emperor that had developed in the courts of Ctesiphon and Constantinople (Cleveland & Bunton 6). One of the key points of the expansion of Islam is the imperial rivalry between the Sasanian and Byzantines that broke out into open warfare from 540 until 1629. This opened up the road for Islam to spread and provide a better alternative for the people of Arabian Peninsula and the surrounding people under the rule of these two empires. Under the
Mehdi Sayagh Film Assignment: Niall Ferguson’s Civilization: Is the West History, Part 2: Science 1) What is the film’s main argument? What was the evidence used to make the argument? Do you find it convincing, why or why not? The film’s main argument is that science played a major role in the change of the global predominance from the East to the West, by focusing on the science enlightenment part and how science helped the Europeans to raise an empire. Indeed science has played a major role in the process of switching power from the east to the west, through the film; Ferguson highly described the differences between the Ottoman Empire and the Prussians leaded by Frederick the great, how Muslims got behind Europeans and all the problems that they faced through this period.
A minority of people fully accept the scientific explanation for the origins of human life. Like I said before religion can explain how we are evolved. In the the story of creation which is Genesis is literally the explanation on how we are made by God. While science is going into the depths of things we are created by the only thing that is logical in the bible. Not by the little things of science that we made up up just to satisfy ourselves with something.
For example, military campaigns contributed to the spread of Islam because while Muslims captured new land, they spread their religion at the same time. Another way Islam spread was through trade and trade routes in Mecca. As people traded and traveled through Mecca, they picked up on the Islamic religion and spread it to the lands they were traveling to. Lastly, people were attracted to the Islamic messages, which also contributed to the spread of Islam. Although a power vacuum in the region might explain some of it, Islam’s quick spread had three main causes: military conquest of new lands, bringing the Islamic faith with them.
That definition indicates why it is different than the other ideas of enlightenment. Mostly in terms of accepting science as opposed to other religions like Christianity. The great Islamic civilization was shaped by big bursts of knowledge in different kind of fields like science, medicine, philosophy, sociology and mathematics. This kind of knowledge remains a central influence on Islam and the Islamic identity (Khan, 2014). Khan’s suggests that Muslims have always thought of Islam as enlightenment itself, and as the path that saved all humanity from ignorance.
What is ‘modern’ in one place may be an ‘old – fashioned’ elsewhere. The word “Modernity” is originally a latin word and it means a cultural movement that affected European life. Both “modernity” and “modernization” are made from “post modernity” The structured pluralism of modern societies and cultures has brought a differentiation of rationalities: for example, those of the market, of the natural sciences, of historical investigation, of religion, and of common sense. This differentiation has challenged the modern ideal of the universal unity of knowledge and of mutual moral communication and understanding. Yet with its multisystemic setting it has also challenged the idea of an endless and relativistic differentiation and dissociation, an idea often connected with postmodernity.
Indeed, different kinds of efforts are applied to achieve the desired intentions. And after a successful realization, lot of newness is introduced in the society. Usually, the cultural, natural and social dimensions in the societies in the world today are automatically re-shaped (Migdal 2001: 58). The kind of transformation and amendment that takes place can be either positive or negative, depending on the individual’s perspective. With the mentioned consideration, it is clear that if certain areas such as our nature, culture, religion and many others are negatively tampered with by modernity, the outcome can be harmful to mankind.
There is however, no clear margin by date. To be modern is to find ourselves in an environment that promises us adventure, power, joy, growth, transformation of ourselves and the world and, at the same time, that make threat to destroy everything we have, everything we know, everything we are. Modernity, to borrow a term from Husserl, is a form of time to regard it expresses a specific relation to time, where the sense of being modern is predicated on a concept of the “now” as breaking free from the bonds of tradition. it refers to a certain consciousness of time, a sense of newness about the present, modernity demonstrate a
Addressing the Shahi Darbar in Balochistan, he said, “Let us lay the foundations of our democracy on the basis on truly Islamic ideals and principles. He had a firm belief that success could be gained only by taking guidance from Islam and Holy Quran and that Seerat-un-Nabi is the best example for us to emulate. It can be said without doubt that Jinnah was neither a secular person nor a mufti, but a moderate Muslim and his vision of Pakistan was to be a progressive, modern and an Islamic democracy. He was not a supporter of theocracy but he did support egalitarianism. He believed in the three golden rules of faith, unity and
As their trade progressed and became successful, they started exploring the lands of India and started taking hold of those lands with exploitative measures for their motive of territorial expansion. Prior to their establishments, the Mughals were ruling the lands of India. But with the entry of the East India Company and under the new conditions of colonial society, these Muslim rulers were transformed into a status of religious minority. There was further a competition of the majority of Hindu community. All these factors led to the emergence of Muslim nationalism during the second half of the nineteenth century and the early twentieth century.