Isoxazoline Synthesis

Intrinsic clearance of haloperidol is due to glucoronidation by uridine diphosphoglucose glucuronosyltransferase, oxidation by cytochrome P450 and reduction by carbonyl reductase. The elimination half-life for haloperidol is 12-38 hours. Complete elimination of an oral dose of haloperidol takes 4 weeks. Five days after the administration of haloperidol, approximately 40% of the dose of haloperidol will be excreted in urine and 15% will be excreted in the faeces.

CH3 175 83.06% 287-289ºC 4. -OCH3 191 86.03% 275-277ºC 5. 204 78.78% 295ºC Step-3 Synthesis of 2-Methyl benzoxazin -4(3H)-one53 (4) Anthranilic acid (0.1M, 18g) was taken in acetic anhydride and refluxed under anhydrous conditions for 4 hrs. Excess of acetic anhydride was then distilled off under reduced pressure.

d. Nirav Kapadia and others uses Oxa-pictet-spengler reaction as one of the key steps in the synthesis of new isochroman heterocycles containing a 4, 5, 6a,7-tetrahydrodibenzo[de,g]chromene and further performed the acidic cleavage of molecule to form phenanthrene alkaloids(33). e. Santosh J. Gharpure et al worked on stereoselective synthesis of oxazino[4,3-a]indoles via oxa-Pictet–Spengler reaction of indoles having N-tethered vinylogous carbonate(26). Furthur optimization of reaction conditions were done and explained in table 19& 20. Table 19.

N O O H2SO4 rt, 5 min. + N N N O O O Cl Cl Cl N O O

5. Results and Discussions 5.1 Methyl erucate synthesis 5.1.1 Chemical analysis of erucic acid Physicochemical properties of erucic acid used for the synthesis of sucrose erucate were analyzed. The results of analysis are depicted in Table 5.1 Table 5.1 Analysis of erucic acid Acid value 166.03 ± 0.9 mg KOH/gm Iodine value 78.04 ± 1.2 g I2/100gm Saponification value 168.05 ± 0.8 mg KOH/gm 5.1.2 Analysis of methyl erucate After synthesis and purification of synthesized methyl erucate general characteristics of product were tested.

The hydroxyl group (-OH) of NaOH attacks an electrophilic carbon of >N-C= O which as rearrangement gives carbonial . This carbonial abstract proton from water to give NAG. The established over degradation of NAG to 4-MBA was also obseved in alkali condition. Degradation pathway of AN is shown in Fig.3.

One noticeable exception is the so-called “Atwal modification” of the Biginelli reaction. In this scheme, an enone(a) is first condensed with a suitable protected urea or thiourea derivative(b) under almost neutral conditions. Deprotection of the resulting 1,4-dihydropyrimidine(c) with HCl or TFA leads to the desired DHPMs.20 Scheme-3: Shutalev et al described another approach to DHPMs synthesis. This synthesis is based on the condensation of readily available R-tosylated (thio)ureas(a) with the enolates of acetoacetates or 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds. The resulting hexahydropyrimidines(b) need not to be isolated and can be converted directly into DHPMs.

Life Sciences, 41, 1987, 755 – 763. 11.Rainsford KD, Whitehouse MW. Biochemical gastroprotection from acute ulceration induced by aspirin and relateddrugs. Biochemical Pharmacology, 29, 1980,1281 – 1289. 12.Shay H, Komarov SA, Fels SS, Meranze D, Gruenstein M,

Bromination is a type of electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction where one hydrogen atom of benzene or benzene derivative is replaced by bromine due to an electrophilic attack on the benzene ring. The purpose of this experiment is to undergo bromination reaction of acetanilide and aniline to form 4-bromoacetanilide and 2,4,6-tribromoaniline respectively. Since -NHCOCH3 of acetanilide and -NH2 of aniline are electron donating groups, they are ortho/para directors due to resonance stabilized structure. Even though the electron donating groups activate the benzene ring, their reactivities are different and result in the formation of different products during bromination.

DOX is a broad spectrum anti-cancer drug having excellent efficacy in malignant lymphoma, pulmonary cancer, digestive and mammary cancer, ovarian carcinoma, transitional cell bladder carcinoma, thyroid carcinoma, gastric carcinoma and Hodgkin's disease (Johdo et al., 2003). DOX inhibits both the isoforms of topoisomerase II (Topo II)