Jean Piaget's Theory And Development

Introduction Child development and growth observation can be quite fascinating considering the uniqueness of each child. As children grow, they normally develop and acquire new skills whether complex or not. The abilities experienced by each child progresses differently that is depending on the nurturing given by the parent or guardian and on the characteristics that they inherit. Proper development and growth of the child occurs when basic needs are provided by the reliable adult guardians including such things as love, food, encouragement, shelter and warmth. The essay evaluates child development and growth through observation conducted by myself on my nephew.

He emphasize that the way children reason at one stage is different from the way they reason at another stage . The first stage, is called the sensorimotor stage which extends from birth to age about two. In this stage, infants build an understanding of the world by integrating with experiences such as seeing and hearing with physical, motoric actions. Infants obtain knowledge of the world from the physical actions they carry out on it. Piaget 's divide sensorimotor stage into six-sub stages.

Child psychology, also called child development, is the study of the psychological processes of children and especially, how they develop as young adults and how they differ from one child to the next. It basically tends to map onto children’s physical, cognitive and social/emotional development. Psychologists attempt to make sense of every aspect of child development, including how children learn, think, interact and respond emotionally to people around them and understand emotions and their developing personalities, temperaments and skills. It also includes how individual, social and cultural factors may influence their development. Child study is of comparatively recent origin.

Play based learning has been advocated by early childhood educators. The play based learning theory is based on constructivist studies by Jean Piaget (1953). Piaget believed that learning comes from within: children construct their own knowledge of the world through experience and subsequent reflection. And play is a medium for learning especially for young children simply because play is so intuitive to them. Some researchers like Winner and Melinda (2009) suggested, children learn more efficiently and gain more knowledge through activities such as dramatic play, art, and social games.

They certainly have made a massive impact with today’s psychologists, and research regarding the understanding of how so many of us function and cope with different situations. As stated above Vygotsky was brilliant with his theory about Social Development with children. While Piaget was the first psychologist to discover that children think differently to adults and started the theory with Cognitive child development. As Lourenco (2012) has noted that the differences between Piaget and Vygotsky should not be simplified nor minimised, the reason being that as a result “some fundamental differences between the two theories are related to their respective underlying philosophy, social influence on development, nature of the process of development, and the universality of cognitive structures” (Lourenco,

Specifically, cognitive development is assessed based on the level of conception, perception, information processing, and language as an indicator of brain development.” (Biologydictionary.com, n.d.). According to Piaget, during the cognitive development, a child acts on his/her own to construct the knowledge. Lev Vygotsky, researcher and theoretician.

Jean Piaget, a psychologist commonly known for his theory of cognitive development that observes and describes how children mentally develop through childhood. He believed that children think and organize their world meaningfully, but different from adults. Piaget’s sought out through cognitive development that children children go through four stages of mental development stages Sensorimotor Child (birth-2), Preoperational (2-7), Concrete Operational (7-11), and Formal Operational (12+). Throughout these stages outside influences force children to grow cognitively, one way being through books and illustrations.

Introduction Piaget was the primary analyst to make a deliberate investigation of subjective improvement. His commitments incorporate a hypothesis of kid psychological improvement, point by point observational investigations of comprehension in kids, and a progression of basic however clever tests to uncover diverse subjective capacities. The fundamental thought behind Kohlberg's hypothesis of good improvement is that youngsters and teenagers don't only splash up or disguise the ethics and estimations of the grown-ups around them; however through circumstances of good clash, kids develop their own particular qualities and ethics.

The second aspect is the cognitive development which related to Piaget’s theory. Piaget’s theory is all about the cognitive development of childhood. Piaget was interested in how the child learns things and in the way the child think, so he studied the child from infancy to the adolescence. Also, Piaget believed that all the stages are universal, and every child in the world will go through these stages. The third aspect is the social development which can be explained by Erickson's theory.

Cognitive Theory Cognitive Theory was brought to academia by Psychologist Jean Piaget among others. Piaget’s theory argues that there are stages of cognitive development in humans where there are levels of increased intelligence and capability. These stages are defined by terms, that describe the perception of what children make of their world. These thoughts are known as schemas, which Piaget said are the models by which children perceive their reality.