Jim Crow Laws

“Beginning in the late 1870s, Southern state lawmakers passed laws that required Whites and Blacks to attend separate schools and to sit in different areas on public transportation.” (“Jim Crow Laws” 1). People thought these laws were needed because “The Jim Crow system was undergirded by the following beliefs or rationalizations: whites were superior to blacks in all important ways, including but not limited to intelligence, morality, and civilized behavior; sexual relations between blacks and whites would produce a mongrel race which would destroy America;” (“

Orville Faubus, the governor of Little Rock at the time, was a prominent segregationist. Segregationists opposed the court ruling and integration within society. “When the Court issued its

For example, Source C states, “Two years earlier (1890) the states of Louisiana passes a law requiring racial segregation of train cars.” This shows that the people made it such as big deal that they took away the right away from African Americans to ride the same bus as others. This also shows that segregation is causing issues having to do with where African American people can go and how they can get there. In addition, Source C also states, “JIm crow laws also led to the disenfranchisement of African American voters.” This shows that some African Americans also got their right to vote taken away depending on where they lived.

Historic events inspired Harper Lee to write To Kill a Mockingbird, a historical fiction piece. In the novel, references are also seen to the Jim Crow laws and mob mentality. The first influence on Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird is the Jim Crow laws. The Jim Crow laws were dehumanizing and it is important to learn about them so something similar is never repeated.

The whites feared mixing of the race which is the Mongrel Race; because they were afraid the white race would be diluted. So, they did everything keep blacks at the bottom. The Southern states reacted by creating and enforcing Jim Crow laws. The Jim Crow was a system created as a segregation of colored people and white people, but mainly focusing on blacks. These laws existed because of the idea of being superior (Ferris State University, 2012).

In the Plessy vs Ferguson case in 1896, a law was passed that allowed racial segregation as long as the facilities were equal in black and white schools. A single suit was brought together to be taken to the Supreme Court in 1954 to argue the fact that black schooling was evidently under resourced and of a far lower quality than that of white schooling, proving them to be inferior and unequal. In the case of Brown vs Board of Education of Topeka, the segregation of school facilities was overturned. Although segregated school was now deemed illegal, certain people did not comply with the ruling. In Little Rock, Arkansas (1957), nine black students were accompanied by state troops to their first day at Central High School, a previously all-white institution.

(pgs 102- 103) This passage depicts how racial segregation is still present today. Segregation refers to the enforced separation of groups within an establishment, in this case the groups being the blacks and whites, and the setting being the courtyards within the high school. The continuation of blacks and whites being segregated in America dates back to the 1800’s when the school’s one attended, the bathrooms and restaurants one could use the facilities in, and the job options one had open to them was solely based on the color of their skin.

In the 1954, the U.S Supreme Court passed the separate but equal, this was basis for state-sanctioned discrimination, drawing national and international attention to African Americans plight. Civil right activists used nonviolent protest and civil disobedience to help bring around

Abraham Lincoln died for civil rights when slavery was abolished when he signed the Emancipation Proclamation in 1865, but still African-Americans were being discriminated and segregated form the whites. True equality was not shown until The Civil Rights Act of 1965 that desegregated schools, restaurants, and other locations in America was signed gave African-Americans a chance at true freedom and equality which is what America is supposed to mean. For 100 years the battle for civil rights was fought and came true, it took a nation to be divide to go to war with each other. It also started a huge movement in America in the 1960s that revolutionized a country and changed it forever. King believed in this change and was able to lead a movement and succeed with it.

All sort of things like hospitals, prisons, and schools were all made to a quality less than the whites had to demonstrate the African Americans inferior status. Jim Crow Laws that continued this chain of separation were, blacks could not eat at white restaurants, a black male could not shake hands with a white man or have any relations with white women. These laws allowed whites to be able to beat and punish those who disobeyed them, and it was that which led to the hundreds of race riots and lynchings of African

The school board voted in favor of expelling the child. As a result of their decision, “two member of the White board resigned… the school board responded by establishing four schools for Black children.” Ultimately, the African-American families of Cincinnati proved African-Americans were breaking their submissive nature and fighting for the matter of equality. Not all states believed in segregation of public schools such as Iowa.

Jim Crow laws were put into effect by Southern states that made a hierarchy of race in the American South. By 1914 those laws successfully made two separate social orders--one black and one white. According to the conflict perspective if inequality exists for too long there is bound to be a revolution. The revolution from the conflict perspective started in 1954.

First, Johnson wanted people to be treated the same. Lyndon taught at Welhausen Elementary School, Cotulla, Texas, May 7, 1929. “My students were poor and they often came to class without breakfast, hungry. They knew even in their youth the pain of prejudice”, Johnson said in a speech called “The American Promise” in March 15,1965. If he would push the civil rights for equality he would be able to get more voters and seem

Though seven states passed the black codes they tended to vary between states, like how in South Carolina it was required for blacks who wished to enter nonagricultural employment to get a special license or in Mississippi the codes tried to block their ability to buy and sell farmland. Many parts of these codes didn’t take effect because of the union suspending the enforcement of racially discriminatory provisions of the new laws (Boyer et al, p.473). The black codes revealed many white southern intentions and many northerners denounced what they were doing and called it southern defiance. Even many congressmen were upset about the black codes and in December of 1865 they refused to seat the delegates from ex-Confederate states, this actually established the first joint committee (the house and the senate). The Radical Republicans (just a faction of the Republican Party that also supported blacks freedoms in most cases) were very out raged at the treatment of the newly freed slaves and they tried to dismantle the black codes and also tried to lock the ex-

According to the FindLaw argued that Despite, with all these new laws passed by President Abraham Lincoln 's, African-American and ethnic minorities, did not get any equal right under the law. In fact, in 1896, we have the Supreme Court of the United States argued that, the state government have the power to separate different races as long as the separation were equal. This “Separate but Equal” The Supreme Court policy stayed there until 1954. In that same years the Supreme Court walk back to their decision in 1896, “Separate but Equal” because of the cases which involved schools’ discriminations in Kansas, South Carolina, Virginia, and Delaware. Also in the 1890, African-American did not have the right to vote, because of the “poll Taxes”,