When faced with the question of what’s the proper role of a federal judge or even the role of the federal judiciary, many nominees to the exalted position of supreme court justices have answered in these words or along the lines of these same words, “To interpret and to apply the law.” While this reply is apt and shows that the nominee has a clear understanding of the limited role of the judiciary, it is also essential to note that the individual beliefs of the nominee can often time have a significant influence on how he or she will decide on cases once seated on the bench. Therefore, it is pertinent that authorities with the responsibility of appointing and confirming these nominees consider their ideology during confirmation hearings. But …show more content…
“Ideology” in this case refers to the personal views and or opinions of a judicial nominee that may likely influence his or her decisions as a judge. Some of the points under consideration include the individual’s philosophy of constitutional interpretation of points of law, the individual’s views on current controversies and topical issues such as gay rights, the death penalty, the right to abortion, affirmative action, criminal law reform and the separation of the church and state, …show more content…
This is not to say that judges do not operate under the legal boundaries as set by the constitution, but some have argued that since the discretionary powers of judges and Supreme Court judges, in this case, can significantly affect the outcome of any judicial decision, then their ideology and personal philosophy is quite important especially when they would be voting on significant cases.
Finally, both sides of the divide recognize the importance, and role ideology plays in the major legal decisions. Ideology matters and a person’s thinking is bound to influence the way they will vote on important issues, and this is why interest groups on both sides of the ideological divide have strong reasons for making judicial confirmation a high priority because they know what is at stake in who occupies the federal bench.
Lawrence H. Tribe. God Save This Honourable Court, 87, 90 – 91 (1985).
Sydney M. Irmas. Ideology and The Selection of Federal Judges (2002).
Boyden Gray. Appointment of Federal Judges: Should Political Ideology Matter, The Progressive Conservative, Volume V, Issue #128, August 27,
The most contentious debate, however, concerns the legal principle of stare decisis. A Latin phrase, stare decisis means that judges should respect legal precedents by letting them stand instead of overturning them. It is important to note, however, that stare decisis is not found in the Constitution or the Bill or Rights; it is not the law of the land, but a “rule of thumb.” As Constitutional lawyer Robert McFarland points out, a number of Democratic congressmen have taken a sudden interest in this legal principle.
Chapter 1 Thesis: The decisions that the supreme court makes helps define the United States, so to help gain political advantage the president uses thought and strategy when appointing. Evidence pg 14
Oliphant analyzes the delicate balance of choosing political sides as compared to strictly upholding the law. Moreover, intertwined throughout the article, Oliphant records predications for the future of the court. For example, he outlines the potential implications if Romney were to have been elected in the 2012 November presidential race. Oliphant appeals to the reputation of Chief Justice Roberts ' historical appointment, voting history, forecasted impact on the bench, and implied influences by political parties and media, in order to establish Roberts ' credibility, despite a reputation inconsistent with his judiciary colleagues. Oliphants sinuous article, "Tipping the Scales" institutes that readers will arrive at one of two conclusions: Chief Justice Roberts 's decisions are unreliable or his actions are justified based on his
The articles written by Antonin Scalia and Stephen Breyer both contribute valid insight on how the Constitution should be interpreted. They, however, end up taking conflicting views on whether to adopt what is known as a living constitution or to bind the judiciary by the original meaning of the document. Throughout their works, the authors mention the importance of objectivity, judicial restraint and the historical context in which the Constitution was written under and whether or not it should apply to the United States today. Scalia argues in favor of the originalist approach, stating that he supports neither a strict nor a loose interpretation of the Constitution, but rather, a reasonable interpretation. Breyer sides with the cosequentialist ideals, claiming that active participation in collective power is paramount when it comes to evaluating the Constitution's place in American law.
The concerns that Senators have about federal appeals court nominees is unjust and unneeded. The only people in the court system who have the ability to overturn laws of legislation and policy are Supreme Court Judges, so it is wrong to subject appeals court nominees to strict ideological tests that the Justices are given. The Justices are the only people who can overturn or rule things unconstitutional, whether it is from cases, executive orders, or when the bureaucracy overstep its’ bounds. It does not matter what an appeals court nominees personal opinion is on a case, because he or she will be following the precedent already set up by the Supreme Court. It does not matter what the nominees opinion is on Roe v. Wade, because as an appellate
“Supreme Court; Congress authorized to establish national court system” (Evans and Michaud
Justice Hugo Black was a United States senator for 10 years and served one of the longest terms in Supreme Court history with thirty four years and one month in the court. As a senator, he was a strong supporter of President’s Roosevelt’s New Deal reformation, therefore leading to his nomination to the Supreme Court in 1937. Justice Black’s rise to the Supreme Court was met with outrage and controversy from the public and the media due to his previous affiliation with the Ku Klux Klan and consequently tainted his reputation nearly costing him his seat in the Supreme Court. However, he was also an advocate for rights of racial equality and a defender of the constitutional rights of the accused. His literal interpretation of the Constitution
John Marshall was born in 1756 and grew up near Germantown, Virginia. He was homeschooled by his mother and lived an unassuming life before deciding to fight in the Revolutionary War when he turned 20. Marshall became an officer in the Continental Army befriending General George Washington. He left the military to study law in 1780, eventually becoming the head of the Supreme Court. John Marshall’s work in the Supreme Court instituted new principles such as final interpretation of the constitution, the grandfather principle, and the process of judicial review into the the parameters of the Judicial Branch’s abilities.
This notion oftentimes can enable yet inhibit the system simultaneously, but nonetheless his ideologies have fallen on the side of conservatism. Halliburton noted in his book about Thomas’ life that “the fact that he is a conservative African American makes Thomas different and strangely alone” (88) and “is also the most closely watched” (88). Halliburton’s statements may or may not be true but the fact remains the same that his decisions and opinions on court cases are expected to be a reflection of his party affiliation especially when it comes to the interpretation of the constitution, particularly in this case the fourth amendment. Because of this Thomas must weigh party ideas with his own interpretation of the constitution which at points in his career caused opposition from other politicians mainly in instances when his interpretation seemed extreme and/or
The United States Supreme Court was created by our Founders without many enumerated powers. Through legislation and precedent, the Supreme Court’s duties became apparent to the people and the other governing bodies. From judicial review to understanding unstated fundamental rights, the Supreme Court has furthered the American people’s understanding of our founding document, the Constitution. However, when it comes to the social climate of the United States can the Court dramatically change the people’s social views? There are two ways that the courts have been seen in allowing or impeding social change to be decided by the Courts.
Justice William Brennan and Attorney General Edwin Meese held different views on the interpretation of the Constitution when it came to ruling in a case. Brennan held the view that judicial review should be done constitutionally, but to keep human dignity in mind when ruling in a case. Brennan makes his opinion on the matter known saying, “The Declaration of Independence, the Constitution and the Bill of Rights solemnly committed the United States to be a country where the dignity and rights of all persons were equal before all authority.” (Brennan). Unlike Brennan, Meese believed in sticking strictly to what the constitution stated for most matters.
In order for judicial candidates to be successful they need to be more visible, “because judicial races tend to have low-visibility races, in which voters are unaware of the candidates.” (288) In order for this to be possible nominees seek to place television ads which are quite costly therefore they need big money contributions to their campaign funds. Since “Texas voters do not give much money to judicial campaigns. . .” (288) it became necessary to find donors elsewhere, “. . .
Alex Frost Values: Law & Society 9/23/2014 The Hollow Hope Introduction and Chapter 1 Gerald Rosenberg begins his book by posing the questions he will attempt to answer for the reader throughout the rest of the text: Under what conditions do courts produce political and social change? And how effective have the courts been in producing social change under such past decisions as Roe v. Wade and Brown v. Board of Education? He then works to define some of the principles and view points 'currently' held about the US Supreme court system.
When people think of a good judge they typically think of somebody who is fair, not bias and has some sort of experience. However, in today’s society, particularly in the United States, our judicial selection methods are not made to select judges on their ability to reason well and rule impartially (Carter and Burke, 6). On top of that, judges have no actual training before they become part of the judiciary. The only training they receive is in school when they are studying the law. Sometimes when they pursue an apprenticeship with a judge they also get a little bit more experience or insight into a judge’s job.
Judicial selection is an intriguing topic as there are multiple ways that judges take their seat on the bench. The United States Constitution spells out how federal judges are selected and leaves it up to the individual states to establish their means for selecting judges. In federal courts, judges are appointed and it varies between appointment and election for state courts. The purpose of this paper is to examine the differences between appointments and elections (as well as the multiple types of elections) and to give an opinion as to which is the better alternative. Federal judges are appointed by the President of the United States and are confirmed on the advice and consent of the United States Senate.