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Essay On Juglone

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Extraction of juglone, natural brown pigment, from walnut green husk (Juglans regia L.) by microwave and ultrasonic methods for hair dyeing application

Abstract: The present study was conducted to investigate the extraction of juglone from walnut green husk, the dyeing and fastness properties of dyed hair using husk extract as a natural dye and also, skin irritation test of this natural hair dye was examined on rat skin. Walnut green husk is one of the major waste products from the walnut production that could be valued as a source of natural compounds such as juglone. For more efficient and economical extraction of juglone from walnut green husk, microwave-assisted extraction was selected. the influence of some parameters (types of solvents, irradiation time, input power, solid to solvent ratio and solvent to water concentration ratio) on the extraction of juglone by microwave assisted were investigated. the optimum conditions were …show more content…

Chemical bonds of the hair cuticle can be broken by developer, which causes deeper penetration of the dye molecules into the hair shaft and also more bonding of these molecules with hair proteins. Hydrogen peroxide is the most common developer or oxidizing agent, which can cause allergy while lime juice, ascorbic acid [2], baking soda, chamomile and rhubarb have been traditionally used as natural and household developers for hair bleaching and dyeing. Furthermore, mordants fixes the dye in hair fibers with dye-mordant-fibre interactions and improves hair color fastness. The most common mordants are metal salts such as; ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate and alum, but these mordants can cause pollution of heavy metal to environment [2, 13]. On the other hand, extracts of tea, coffee and pomegranate (contain tannins) [11], oxalic acid and lactic acid have been used as natural mordants while being safe to

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