Jumper's Knee Case Study

Torn knee ligament Causes: Torn knee ligament occurs when at least one of the main ligaments inside the knee gets sprained and the condition gets to harsher so the ligament ruptures. Basically, there are four main ligaments; Medial collateral ligament(MCL), Lateral collateral ligament(LCL), Anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) and Posterior cruciate ligament(PCL). All these ligaments have different functions. - MCL is located between femur and tibia. It helps protect the knee joint from the outer side forces, and it controls the amount of movement of knee.

In lateral canal stenosis as there is involvement of the nerve it results in severe radiculopathy, with muscle weakness, pain and immobility. This results from a series of changes in the components of the central and lateral canal such as ligamentum flavum inflammation, bony spurs, epidural fat deposition and facetal hypertrophy. (1) Management of spinal stenosis includes conservative or surgical treatment. Conservative approach comprises of rest, analgesics, anti inflammatory medications, physical exercises, and weight loss. Surgery is done in patients who have severe pain, disability, neuropathy or malignancy.

The patient presents increased pain with lateral rotation of the shoulder. Both the infraspinatus and teres minor both are suspect to be the cause of pain since they both laterally rotate and adduct the shoulder and insert at the greater head of the tubercle. With the

Before discussing an injury to a ligament in the knee, it is helpful to know the anatomy of the knee. The knee joint is made up of four bones. These include the femur (with a lateral and medial femoral condyle at the distal end), the patella, the tibia, and the fibula. There are also four ligaments in the knee. These include the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), the lateral collateral ligament (LCL), and the medial collateral ligament (MCL).

This will cause pinching between the shoulder blade and the arm bone when you try to move your shoulders. Shoulder impingements can arise as a result of the repetitive use of the shoulders or when you fall. Like the name suggests, a rotator cuff tear arises when a tendon or a rotator cuff muscle actually tears. These tears can either be a minor one or very sever, depending on the affected tissue and the thickness and depth of the tear. Just like shoulder impingements, tears are caused by the wearing down of the muscles of rotator cuffs overtime, or by acute traumas.

The muscles in the butt (buttocks) are called gluteal muscles. A gluteal strain happens when the gluteal muscles are overstretched or torn. A tear can be partial or complete. A gluteal strain can cause pain and stiffness in your buttocks, legs, and lower back. A strain might be referred to as “pulling a muscle.” The severity of a muscle strain is rated in degrees.

In this direction, PED occurs as a result of the radius and ulna being driven posteriorly to the humerus, considerable force is henceforth needed. As well as this the olecranon process of the ulna displaces into the olecranon fossa at the distal end of the humerus. The coronoid process of the ulna is then forced under the trochlea of the humerus (Martin, 2008). Other types of dislocation include anterior, medial, lateral and

Instead, the bone near the joints of the femur are removed. During hip replacement, damaged bone, cartilage, and femoral head are removed then replaced with a prosthesis. There are many reasons why one might need hip replacement because of damage, however they are most commonly caused by age and repeated motion of wear and tear. There are some diseases such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, avascular necrosis, and bone tumors, that a patient would have developed in order to be recommended to receive this treatment. More often than not, hip replacement was the next action to take for relieving pain (Total Hip Replacement).

Cortical bones, also known as compact bones, form the hard-external layer of all bones that helps protect and strengthen the medullary cavity, which is filled with bone marrow. Within the cortical bones are lamellae called osteons. Osteons are aligned in the same direction along lines of stress, which hold the bone’s blood vessels and nerve fibers. These bones primarily help to resist bending and fracturing. Trabecular bones, also known as spongy bones, form the inner layer of all bones that helps to reduce the density of bones allowing the ends of long bones to compress when subject to stress.

Open reduction. In this type the humerus is placed back in the joint with surgery. An open reduction may be recommended if: You have a weak shoulder joint or ligaments. You have had more than one shoulder dislocation. The nerves or blood vessels around your shoulder have been damaged.